长春市大学生参与课余体育锻炼的现状及影响因素分析

【作者】 韩志霞；

【导师】 宛祝平；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 体育人文社会学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 课余体育锻炼对增强学生体质，促进学生心理健康，培养其形成良好的生活习惯，增强组织纪律性，加强精神文明建设，创建良好的学风和校风，养成自觉锻炼习惯，使学生终身受益都能起积极作用。大学生正处在从学校向社会的转折阶段，从终身的角度看，正处在从学校体育向社会体育的转折阶段。所以，大学生课余体育锻炼进行如何，直接影响其未来身体健康状况，而且还影响其终身体育的实现。如何使大学生自觉地参与到课余体育锻炼中来并形成终身体育锻炼习惯以应付现代社会生活所面临的各种挑战，这是摆在我们面前迫切需要解决的问题。 为此，本文针对目前长春市在校大学生参与课余体育锻炼的现状及影响其参与课余体育锻炼的因素进行了调查研究。调查对象是768人。通过文献资料法、问卷调查法、数理统计等方法进行了研究，研究结果表明： 1．目前，有55.5％的大学生积极主动参与课余体育锻炼，有37.5％的学生被动参与课余体育锻炼。7％的学生不参与课余体育锻炼。 2．大学生参与课余体育锻炼的频度低；锻炼时间短；锻炼强度低。 3．大学生课余体育锻炼内容呈多元化发展趋势；课余体育锻炼地点选择主要还是在学校体育场馆；课余锻炼形式主要还是以学生自由活动为主。 4．以学习活动为主的多样化课余生活方式是当前大学生课余生活方式的典型特征。 5．大学生体育消费水平低，有70.6％的学生每学期体育消费在50元以下。 6．通过R型因子分析，确定了影响长春市大学生参与课余体育锻炼的六大主因子。按重要程度排序依次是：学校体育因素、体育兴趣因素、体育氛围因素、体育能力因素、体育价值观因素、政策法规因素、社会压力因素。 7．大学生参与课余体育锻炼表现出很大的性别差异、年级差异和专业差异； 最后，本文对影响大学生参与课余体育锻炼的几个较为重要因素提出了一些参考性对策。更多还原

【Abstract】 It has an active effect to participate in after-physical exercises, which can promote psychological health, cultivate good living habits, enhance organization and discipline ability, strengthen intellectual civilization construction, create good study and campus atmosphere, make students exercise consciously and give them benefit all their lives. The college students are now in the turning point from campus PE(physical education) to society PE. So how to exercise will directly influence their healthy condition in the future, even lifelong PE achievement. Analyzing from above all, we can easily conclude it is the most important problem for us how to make the college students take part in the after-class physical exercises consciously and form a kind of lifelong practice hobby to solve plenty modern society challenges, which they will have to face..For this reason, the essay shows the specific result towards the college students of ChangChun city on these respects: present condition of taking part in the after-class exercise of college students on campus and the factor which may influence them to participate after-class exercises. All of these results were recorded after careful research and analysis and there were 768students being researched and analyzed through looking up document, asking them questionnaire, utilizing scientific statistics and so on. Finally, the status is below:1. At present, 55.5 percent of college students can take active in physical exercises after class,37.5 percent take part in physical exercises in a passive position, and 7 percent do not accept the exercise at all.2. Frequency that college students participated in physical exercises is low. Moreover, sexual difference, grade difference and specialized subjects difference are the main manifestation to frequency of participation. Time for doing exercise is enough and the quantity of exercise is rather low.3. Physical exercises after school have a good tendency to become many-faceted for college students, male’s choosing items are differentfrom female. The playground and gymnasium of college are the only choice. College students after school mainly take part in class sports and some free sports for themselves.4. The modern college students have a typical facture: most of the students’ after-class physical exercise cannot be separated with study, and also develop to multi-direction around it.5. College students’ level of sport consumption is quite low .76percent college students’ sport consumption is below 50Yuan each semester.6. According to R model factor analysis, we make sure the six main factors(arranged by importance),which influence after-class physical exercises for college students in Changchun. The order is college sports factor, interest of sports factor, policy and rule factor, and social pressure factor.7. There are the main manifestation in sexual difference, grade difference and subject difference for taking part in the after-class exercise of college students.At last, his essay put forward some solutions for reference on several relatively important factors, which can influence college students to participate after-class physical exercises.更多还原