【作者】 杨超；

【导师】 傅仲文；

【作者基本信息】 河北工业大学 ， 电机与电器， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 理想的电力系统要求以频率和幅值稳定的正弦电压进行供电；对于三相交流电力系统，各相电压和电流应处于幅值大小相等、相位互差120°的正序对称状态。但是，由于电力系统元件运行的非理想线性或非完全对称、负载的性质各异且随机变化、调控手段的不完善以及错误操作、外来干扰和各种故障的存在，供电网中的电流(电压)发生畸变，产生大量谐波。这些谐波对电网造成污染，给用电设备带来危害，引起设备过热、产生振动和噪声，并使绝缘老化，严重时还会损坏设备。谐波污染已成为供电系统不容忽视的问题，正在引起人们的关注。 抑制谐波的方法主要有无源滤波技术和有源电力滤波器技术。有源电力滤波技术与无源滤波技术相比，具有受电网阻抗影响小、能够动态补偿等优点，在治理谐波污染方面发挥重要作用。有关有源电力滤波器的研究主要集中在主电路结构形式(串联、并联和串并联)、谐波电流检测方法和补偿电流的控制方法等方面。本论文重点研究了基于不同谐波电流补偿方法的滤波器的设计。 有源电力滤波器对谐波的补偿控制主要有数字补偿控制和模拟补偿控制两种。数字补偿控制的优点是可以对电网谐波的补偿达到很精确的程度，不容易受运行环境改变的影响，但是要求运算速度很高的实时数字信号处理芯片，因此造价较高；模拟补偿控制对硬件的要求比较严格。滤波器的设计无论对于有源电力滤波器数字实现还是模拟实现都是至关重要的一环。本论文以三相三线制电网为研究对象，以数字信号处理滤波器设计理论为基础，使用MATLAB仿真软件进行了有源电力滤波器的实时动态仿真，仿真结果表明了谐波电量检测方法和补偿控制方案的正确性；最后设计了一套实验室样机系统。更多还原

【Abstract】 The ideal power system needs to be supplied with sine voltage whose frequency and amplitude are both stable. To three-phase AC power system, the currents and voltages must be equal of amplitude and the phase-shift between each other should be 120 of positive order. Because of the elements which run under nonideal linearity and unentire symmetry in the power system, the loads which are different and change randomly, the methods which adjust and control the system faultily and operate improperly, the disturbance and the malfunction which happen somewhere, the current and voltage in the supply system are distorted seriously and thus large amount of harmonics are produced. Those harmonics pollute the supply system, harm devices which may be over-hot, noisy, vibrant and that may be destroyed in the worst instance. The harmonics compensation has become today’s hot topic in Power Engineering.Passive filter and active power filter (APF) are the two primary approaches for eliminating harmonics. Comparing with passive filter, APF has many advantages, which is insensitive to system impedance and can be used to compensate harmonics. APF plays an important role in eliminating harmonic. Most researches on APF are focused on main circuit configurations (series-type, shunt-type, compound-type), harmonic current detection approaches and control strategies to compensate current ,etc. This paper mainly deals with the design of APF based on harmonic current compensating approaches.APF control realization can be either digital or analogical. The advantage of digital compensating control(DCC) is that it can compensate harmonics to a precision level and is independent of the surrounding environment. But DCC needs high-speed real-time chips to deal with digital signal processing, so has high price; analog compensating control(ACC) demands hardware very rigidly. The design of APF is very important to both ACC and DCC. The dissertation, reseaching on three-phase-three-line power-network, based on the theory of digital signal processing(DSP), has done the real-time dynamic simulation of APF using the software of MATLAB, and the result shows that the method of harmonics detecting and the scheme of current controlling are both pratical and effective. An experimental laboratory prototype scheme is proposed.更多还原