【作者】 陈翔；

【导师】 李洪才；

【作者基本信息】 福建师范大学 ， 理论物理， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 量子光学是研究光场的相干性和量子统计特性以及光与物质相互作用的量子特征的学科。研究发现在光场与原子相互作用过程中，特别是非线性过程中，会出现某些经典场所不允许存在的量子效应，它们是光是量子场的本质反映，我们称之为非经典效应。现实验上已证实，量子光场主要存在三种非经典效应：光子反聚束、亚泊松分布和压缩态。这些效应不仅利于对光的本质进一步认识，而且在光学领域中有着重要的实际应用价值。比如：具有压缩效应的量子态，由于其某一分量的量子涨落小于相干态相应分量的量子涨落，使得它在光通讯等领域有着广阔的应用前景。所以研究光场的量子特性是量子光学的一个重要课题。 另外，在1994年之后兴起并在国际上蓬勃发展起来的新生学科——量子信息，是以量子态作为量子信息的载体，其对量子信息的处理实质上是对各种量子态的制备与操纵。在本文中，一方面我们研究光场的特性，其中包括相干光场与空间反演对称非线性介质相互作用后，介质对光场性质的影响(如压缩性质、分布特性和相干性)，以及压缩奇偶相干光场的量子特性；另一方面，我们在量子态的制备与操纵方面作一定研究，如压缩奇偶相干态的制备及如何利用[Ⅰ]型三能级原子与腔场的非共振相互作用来传送未知的薛定谔猫态。更多还原

【Abstract】 Quantum optics is a subject on the coherence properties of radiation field, quantum statistical properties and quantum characters of light interacting with matter. The research has showed that there have appeared quantum effects in the interaction of light with atoms, especially in the nonlinear process. The effects peculiar to quantum field, do not exist in classical field, which reveals the quantum nature of light, then called non-classical effects. Now it has been proved by experiments, that quantum states of cavity field can exhibit three main non-classical features, i.e. photon antibunching effect, sub-Poissonian statistics distribution, and squeezed states, which not only benefit our further understanding of light nature, but also have significant applied value in the optics field. For instance in quantum states which have squeezing effect, one quadrature phase may have reduced quantum fluctuations compared with what the relative quadrature phase does in coherent states, then this make it have different applications in optical communication systems, and so on. Therefore, the study on quantum characters of cavity field is an important topic in quantum optics.In addition, quantum information as a newly emerging subject has had a rapid development in the world since 1994, in which carries of quantum information are quantum states, so that disposal of quantum information virtually is preparation and manipulation of diversified quantum states. In this paper, on one hand, we have studied characters of cavity field, including the influence of a nonlinear medium of inversion symmetry on the properties of coherent light field (such as squeezed property, distribution of light field and coherent property) after interacting with the medium, as well as the quantum properties of the fieldsin squeezed even and squeezed odd coherent states; on the other hand, we have also done some research as to preparation and manipulation of quantum states, i.e. how to generate squeezed even and squeezed odd coherent states and how to teleport an unknown schroding cat state via ?-type three-level atom with cavity field through non-resonance process ,etc.更多还原