大学生择业问题与择业教育

【作者】 李晶；

【导师】 华党生；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 教育学原理， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 自从大学生就业制度由分配向择业的改革完成以后，大学毕业生就必须以市场为依托，以竞争为手段进行自主择业。本文运用了文献研究法与调查分析法，研究了当前大学毕业生择业问题和应对的择业教育，试图从教育入手，为大学毕业生顺利择业提供帮助。 本文首先分析了大学毕业生就业制度变革的历程和择业教育的由来。其后对大学生生存环境作了客观的分析，指出了影响大学生职业选择的社会经济与高等教育等方面的客观因素，及对大学生进行择业教育的重要性。同时，通过问卷调查方式，对在南京的五所高校17个不同专业的527名在校大学毕业生的择业问题，进行了调查和分析。调查内容包括他们对职业意义的理解、对职业选择的倾向、对择业准备的情况、对择业途径的选择、择业时听取意见的倾向、创业意识以及对高等院校教改的建议等，对取得的2万多个有效数据进行归纳和分析。结果指出，当前大学毕业生的择业观念、知识结构和综合能力与社会实际需求的差距仍十分巨大，是影响大学生择业的主观因素，并对当前高校的择业教育进行了反思，初步从高校学科与专业的设置、择业指导及创业教育三个方面提出加强大学生择业教育的建议，缓解大学生择业难的问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the completion of the reform of college graduate employment system from government assignment to self-career choosing, college graduates must fulfill their employment searching by means of competition relying on the market system. This thesis employs the methods of document study and investigation analysis comprehensively to analyze the problem of the college graduate career choice and career choosing education, in the meantime, wants to help the college graduates choosing their career easily by educating them.First of all, from the historic standpoint, this thesis analyzes the reform of the college graduate employment system, from assignment to self-career choosing, and reveals the existence of career choice education. Second, by analyzing college student’s living environment, this thesis indicates the objective factors that influencing the college graduate employment in the aspects of economy, culture and advanced college education system. Then it points out the important of the career choice education. Meanwhile, it also gives out a case study of the investigation and analysis of the employment problem of 527 college graduates from 17 different specialties among five universities in Nanjing. The content of the investigation is about the comprehension of career, the tendency of career choice -. the preparation of career choice , the choice of the way to get job , the tendency way to get the proposal of career choice-, the intention of career establishment the proposal of the reform of the education, and so on. From this investigation, we got more than twenty thousand data. By inducing and analyzing them, it reveal the large difference between sense of career choice and the need of the society. This is the major factor influence the college graduates career choosing. In the end, on the basis of consideration of the objective and the subjective factors, this thesis summarizes the roles that the college career choice education has played. Then gives the suggestions of enhance career choice education in three aspects, the settlement of subjects and specialties, the career choosing guidance and the self-employment education.更多还原