降解含氯造纸漂白废水优势菌的选育和固定化研究

【作者】 张新霞；

【导师】 陈敏； 罗建中；

【作者基本信息】 广东工业大学 ， 环境工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以广东甘化厂造纸漂白废水为研究对象，针对漂白废水中有机氯化合物种类多、难降解的特点，筛选优势菌并进行固定化处理研究。 用该废水驯化活性污泥，从中分离纯化出单一菌种，以CODcr和有机氯为指标，筛选出降解效果好的优势菌，并对其进行固定化，提高漂白废水中有机氯的去除率。 对驯化成熟的活性污泥进行分离得到18株菌株，挑选生长良好的十种菌，以30％和50％原废水作为筛选培养基进行菌种的复筛，筛选出降解漂白废水的优势菌为A2、A6、B3、C2。 对筛选出的优势菌进行降解实验，主要讨论了废水浓度、pH值、菌液量和葡萄糖加入量对处理效果的影响。结果表明，当废水浓度为50％，pH为7，菌液量为2ml时，CODcr和有机氯的处理效果最好。而葡萄糖的加入对有机氯的降解具有刺激作用，有机氯的降解率随葡萄糖加入量的增加而提高，从经济与处理效率两方面考虑，取0.4g／L。 通过对固定化材料进行实验研究，得出固定化复合载体的最佳选材和组成为：12％PVA和双层纱布作固定化载体，添加3％的二氧化硅、0.4％的海藻酸钠和0.3％的碳酸钙。 选择包埋量和废水浓度两个因素进行单一菌固定化的降解实验研究，结果表明，废水浓度是影响有机氯和CODcr降解效率的主要因素。最佳工艺条件为：废水浓度为50％，包埋量为0.6％。 将固定化的单一菌两两混合处理漂白废水，结果表明处理效果优于固定化单一菌和游离菌，有机氯的最高降解率达85.1％，CODcr的最高降解率达45.7％。有机氯和CODcr的去除率随时间而波动。 气相色谱-质谱分析表明，筛选出的优势单一菌固定后混合能够降解废水中大部分有机氯。 本文还对有机氯的降解机理进行了较详细的探讨。更多还原

【Abstract】 Treating bleaching wastewater in Guangdong sugarcane chemistry plant by cultivating and immobilizing bacteria technology is studied in this paper. There are many kinds of organic chlorine which are hard to degrade in the wastewater.Acclimate activated sludge with bleaching wastewater, isolate and depurate some single bacterium, select effective dominant bacteria with the removal of CODcr and organic chlorine as indicatrix and immobilize them to improve the removal of organic chlorine in bleaching wastewater.We get eighteen single bacteria from the activated sludge acclimated, choose ten growing well bacteria to degrade bleaching wastewater of 30% and 50% and screen the dominant bacteria as j^ A6> B3% C2.Using the dominant to degrade wastewater, we discuss how wastewater concentration, pH, inoculation quantity and glucose affect the removal of CODcr and organic chlorine. The results show that the removal of CODcr and organic chlorine are best when the wastewater concentration is 50%, pH is 7 and inoculation quantity is 2ml. Adding some glucose can stimulate the degrading of organic chlorine and the removal of organic chlorine is improved as adding more glucose. We choose 0.4g/L considering economy and treatment efficiency.We get the best immobilized carrier and ingredient are 12% PVA and double deck gauze, adding 3% SiOz, 0.4% sodium alginate, 0.3% CaCOs.We immobilize single bacteria to treat wastewater and comparing the removal efficiency with different wastewater concentration and bacteria quantity embedded. The results show that wastewater concentration is the greater factors which affect the removal efficiency. The best conditions are wastewater 50%, bacteria quantity embedded 0. 6%.Mix every two immobilized single bacterium to treat wastewater and the results show that the treatment efficiency is better than immobilizedAbstractsingle bacterium and dissociation bacteria. The best treatment efficiency is organic chlorine 85.1%, CODcr 45. 7%. The removal of organic chlorine and CODcr fluctuate with time.The analytic results obtained by GC-MS show that a majority of organic chlorine can be degraded by the mixed immobilized single dominant bacteria.In addition, the mechanism of organic chlorine degraded is discussed in details.更多还原