【作者】 江成城；

【导师】 郭开仲；

【作者基本信息】 广东工业大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 在每一项管理工作中相互沟通都是必不可少的。沟通是人与人之间特有的联系方式，是维持人与人之间关系的基础，是一种重要的管理方式。 本文在总结已有的沟通涵义、沟通方法、沟通过程、沟通目的、沟通作用、沟通渠道和沟通网络的基础上，提出沟通的本质是信息的传递，沟通的过程就是信息的传递过程。把这个传递过程抽象为一个系统，它包括3个基本要素：信息源、传递渠道和信息接收者。这个系统不断地受到外界的干扰以及信息源与信息接收者之间的知识程度不同，理解的不同，情感支配等的不同，以及传递渠道本身缺陷等使得这个系统经常不能有效运行，即沟通不能有效地进行。为了解决这个问题，文章引入了消错理论、信息论、系统论。从组织中错误信息传递的角度来分析错误传递过程中，错误源发出的错误信息在传递过程中的失真问题，从而揭示组织中沟通失败的原因。其研究过程如下： 首先把错误源抽象为一个错误源空间，这个错误源空间有两个符号组成，一个是错误源，发出n个信号；另一个是出现这n个信号的概率。然后通过这些概率求出一个错误源所能带来的平均错误(信息)量。在此基础上，得出了扩展错误源定理、错误量，联合错误量、错误量的极限的计算公式。并分析了一种典型错误源——马尔可夫错误源。 在对错误源的研究基础上，再分析错误的传递过程。它反映了如何定量地估计错误接收者对收到的信息中获取这个信息含有错误量的多少问题。文章首先把传递过程抽象为一个简单的渠道模型，在这个传递渠道上求出错误传递过程中的错误平均交互量、错误平均条件交互量及传递渠道的疑义度，其次研究了四种传递渠道容量及其计算方法。最后分析了错误源与传递渠道的匹配问题，并得到有关错误平均交互的6个定理。更多还原

【Abstract】 Communication is absolutely necessarily to every management work. It is a special contact way among the individuals, and is an amplifier. That is to say, it is an important management way.This paper put forward that the essence of communication is the pass of information, and the process of communication is the pass of communication on based of the conclusion that is already exist about meaning, way, process, purpose, function, channel and net of communication. So the pass process is abstracted a system, which involves three basic elements: namely information resources, pass channel, and the receiver of information. This system cannot efficiency run because it is endlessly impacted by outside factor and fault of pass channel. The paper inducts the theory of error eliminating, information theory, system theory to solve this problem. The distortions of error in the pass process of information are analyzed from the point of view of the error information pass in the organization, then to reveal the cause of communication failing in the organization, and table a proposal.First, the error recourses is attracted a error recourse room, which consist of two signs, one is the error recourse that give out n sign, the other is the probability that the sign present, and then the average error information quantity that bring out by error recourse can be gotten by seeking the probability. On based of it, the extend error recourse definition, error quantity, united error quantity, limited calculation formula of error quantity can be acquired, and a typical error recourse-Markov error recourse is analyzed.After researching the error sources, we analyze the error transfer channels, which is the core content of the paper. It includes how much error receivers can receive. Then, the transferring channels are considered as one simply system model, from which average error mutual value, doubtful value, capacity of channels are researched. At last, six theorems are received.更多还原