舟山市中小航运企业重组模式的探讨

【作者】 黎雄龙；

【导师】 真虹；

【作者基本信息】 上海海运学院 ， 企业管理， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 众所周知，近些年来，大型国际企业和跨国公司们正面临着新的机遇和挑战，特别是跨入九十年代以来，国际巨头们纷纷实施兼并与收购。但是，在开放的市场经济中，众多的中小企业也同样面临着更多方面的改革压力。人们在思考和争论这些巨无霸的改革措施的同时，却往往忽视了对企业主体中为数众多的中小企业重组的思考。而如何对它们进行重组以提高其整体竞争力已经成为各国发展地方经济尤其是发展国家经济的一个日益迫切而又重要的问题。 作为舟山市航运业综合调查课题组的一员，笔者曾多次赴舟山对该市中小航运企业进行调研，获得了大量而又宝贵的第一手企业及市场数据资料，本论文正是建立在此基础之上，通过介绍舟山市航运企业的整体情况，对舟山市航运企业的结构、规模以及经济状况进行分析，进而针对舟山市航运企业存在的问题，就如何重组舟山市航运企业进行了探讨，并在一定的企业重组理论与方法的基础上针对舟山市航运企业的特点及现状提出了几种较适合于舟山市中小航运企业重组的模式：企业联盟、托管经营以及虚拟企业。其中，企业联盟模式中主要是企业联合和企业联营两种方法。而企业托管模式则是成立船舶管理公司。虚拟企业指的是成立虚拟联合体。 舟山市中小航运企业实施重组的意义在于，增强企业的竞争力，提高整个社会的劳动生产率，避免社会动荡。特别是我国在加入WTO以后，地方航运企业面对的同行将是一些实力较雄厚的国际跨国航运企业。同时，地方航运业对外国的种种限制将被取消，由此，必将是大量的国外航运企业在我国设立机构、开办公司，并凭借其雄厚的实力、先进的管理和优质的服务，参与航运竞争而进入国内航运市场，由竞争引起的对货源的争夺也将愈加激烈。因此，要减少加入WTO对舟山航运业的冲击，唯一的出路就是加快航运业的发展，提高自身的实力。而舟山传统的本地企业规模普遍较小，无法形成经营规模上的竞争优势。因此，更应该进行企业的重组，以增强企业的竞争力。 当然，企业重组要尊重经济规律，既要以市场为导向，遵循市场规律，又要适应整个行业以及企业自身的发展规律。同时，值得我们注意的是，对企业进行重组是对企业综合管理水平的一次考验，它不可避免的要经历一个艰难的磨合时期，任何指望毕其功于一“组”、“一组就灵”的想法都是不切实际的，也是难以实现的。更多还原

【Abstract】 As we know, those international companies and transnational companies are facing new chances and challenge. Especially at the end of 20th century, those big companies are all doing merger and acquisition. But many medium and small companies are also facing more and more pressure of reforming. When people are arguing and thinking about the renovation ways in big companies, they usually ignore the same thing in medium and small enterprises. The matter how to reorganize them to improve their competitiveness has become more and more urgent and important to economy development of every country especially to one nation’s regional economy.As a member of the investigation of Zhoushan shipping development, I went to Zhoushan City many times and had attained many data. And the paper is formed at the basis of these data. It is introduced that the wholly circumstance of zhoushan shipping enterprises and there are also some analysis about the enterprise’s structure, scale and economic status. In addition, the problems existed in these enterprises are pointed out too. After that, there is some discussion about how to reorganize the shipping enterprises in zhoushan. Furthermore, two methods that include enterprise league and enterprise trusteeship are putting forward. The first one includes enterprise alliance and enterprise pool. The second one is ship Management Company. Nowadays, the second one is trying out in zhoushan and has attained some good effects. Virtual entity means virtual combo here.The significance of applying reorganization in zhoushan shipping enterprise is improving their competitiveness and social labor productivity. After our country’s entrance into WTO, the competitor will be those big international shipping companies. At the same time, some limitation of participate local shipping market to foreign companies will be cancelled. Therefore, more and more foreign companies will enter into China regional shipping market by means of their modern management and better service. That will lead to more intense competition in shipping market. On this ground, to avoiding the impact of entrance into WTO, the only way is to accelerate theenterprise reorganization and the development of local shipping enterprise.At the same time we must realize the idea that the enterprise reorganization can remedy any disease is impropriety. The important thing is that enterprise reorganization must respect market economic law and adapt to not only the whole shipping industry, but also to enterprise itself developing rule.Lixionglong(enterprise management)Directed by Zhenhong更多还原