基于BPR的中国现代物流模式的探讨

【作者】 仲惠敏；

【导师】 真虹；

【作者基本信息】 上海海运学院 ， 交通运输规划与管理， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 随着中国加入WTO和全球经济一体化进程的不断加快，IT技术特别是Internet技术的迅猛发展与广泛应用，使得人类社会发生了从工业经济时代到知识经济时代的革命，并由此引发了今天企业管理领域以BPR(业务流程再造)为核心的一场新的管理革命。从诞生之日起，BPR就以其思想的先进性和变革的彻底性吸引了欧美乃至世界企业界的关注。 BPR强调以业务流程为核心，一切企业再造工作全部是围绕业务流程展开的。“业务流程”是指一组共同为顾客创造价值而又相互关联的活动。BPR通过打破原有的职能与部门的界限，通过重新构建企业的业务流程，把原来分散的活动用流程的观点优化后组织起来，“创造”出了新的“流”，为工作流的过程管理提供了条件。 BPR是一种主动性的变革，它以信息化和知识化为基础，以顾客需要为导向，对企业工作活动及相关流程进行关键性的重新设计和根本性的变革，最终在组织机构上体现为流程的不断优化与改进，建立面向过程的跨功能的企业经营运作机制和符合企业长期持续发展需要的新型工作团队。 BPR的首要任务是企业组织由“职能型”向“流程型”转变，BPR所关注的是企业的核心问题，如：企业的核心能力是什么，企业的业务流程是什么，如何对企业现有的业务流程进行改造，如何实施有效的信息化管理等等。通过对上述问题的思考，企业会发现自己赖以存在或运转的商业假设可能是过时的甚至错误的。比如，需要实现企业管理从“高塔式”组织结构向“扁平式”组织结构转变，提高企业对市场动态变化的响应速度。 中国的经济领域当前正在兴起一个新的产业—物流业发展的热潮，传统的货运代理、仓储及配送业正向现代物流业转变。现代物流是充分利用信息技术手段，把制造、运输、销售等环节统一起来的综合服务模式。我国现代物流发展尚处于起步阶段，传统的管理方式和经营理念已落后于时代的要求，与发达国家和地区的物流业发展水平相比存在着相当的差距，据统计，我国的平均物流成本占GDP的20-30％，而在发达国家一般不到10％。因此，BPR所蕴涵的全面借鉴国内外优势企业经营管理经验和系统运用管理理论与技术成果，重新思考企业的工作方式和改进企业业务流程的思想，无疑有利于加快中国物流企业的发展，优化物流供应链，降低企业成本。随着市场竞争的不断加剧，实施BPR终将成为中国物流业提升企业管理水平的必由之路。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the process of the globular economics entirety accelerating and China joining into WTO, Information technology especially Internet technology has been used extensively and has made the human society come to the knowledge economic times from the industrial economic times. It also brings a new management revolution revolved around BPR (business process reengineering) in today’s enterprise management fields. BPR has been accepted by the enterprisers of America and Europe as well as other countries in the world for its advanced concept and throughout revolution from the beginning.BPR emphasizes to go around with the business process and all the reengineering works are developed around the business process. Business process refers to a series connecting activities to create values for the customers. BPR breaks the limits between the duties and departments and reconstructs the enterprise’s business process, so it provides the possibility to manage the work flow through organizing the divided activities with the process view and creating the new flow.BPR, which is based on information and knowledge and oriented by the customers’ requirements, is an initiative revolution to redesign the business process and improve the process continuously in organization system at last. Not only can it build an enterprise management and operation system facing to process and function, but also build a new style work team conforming to the enterprise long-term development.BPR’s first task is to transform the enterprise organization from duty-style to process-style. What BPR concerns is enterprise’s core issue such as what is the enterprise’s key ability, what is the enterprise’s business process, how to reform the enterprise’s present business process and how to carry out the effective information management and so on. Through thinking over these problems, the enterprise will realize that the assumption on which the enterprise relies may be wrong or out-of-date. For example, the enterprise’s organization systems need to be transformed from tower style to flat style so as to speed up the responses to the market changes at any time.A new trade which is called logistics is booming in economic area in China today and traditional forwarding agent, store and distribution are transforming to modern logistics, which is a comprehensive service mode combined with production, transportation and sale procedures by means of information technology. Modem logistics development in China is still on the first step and traditional management methods have been fallen behind. Compared with the advanced countries and districts, logistics development level in China has a big gap. It is estimated that the average logistics costs in China take 20-30 percent of GDP, however, the figure is less than 10 percent in the advanced countries. Therefore, BPR, which includes both advanced management ideas and information technology application and the thoughts of reforming the enterprise’s business process, in no doubt will accelerate the development of the logistics enterprises in China, improve the logistics supply chains and reduce the enterprise’s costs. With the market competition intensifying, BPR will be the only way to improve the logistics enterprises management level in the end.更多还原