现场总线技术在新型干法回转窑水泥生产过程控制中的应用研究

【作者】 胡骏；

【导师】 沈锦林； 宋晨路；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 材料加工工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 新型干法水泥回转窑生产技术正处于快速发展期，但是与之相配套的控制技术却还有很多需要改进和优化的地方。本文在充分分析了现有各常规控制技术的基础上，提出了一种采用组态化编程技术，基于PROFIBUS现场总线，结合可编程逻辑控制器(PLC)和分散控制系统(DCS)优势的新型干法水泥回转窑计算机控制系统方案。 所建立的系统采用3层的网络拓扑结构。上层，即控制管理层采用七个操作站，用以太(Ethernet)网相互连接。操作站主要完成整个系统的组态、维护、现场设备的操作和监控显示等任务，发挥了DCS编程运算好、易组态的优势，弥补了PLC不适用于复杂网络控制的不足。中间层是一个数据服务器和一个通讯处理主站，用现场总线连接，发挥了现场总线开放性好、可靠性高以及高度分散等优势，降低了布线成本，弥补了DCS布线繁杂、开放性差的缺陷。数据服务器主要承担数据库管理和现场总线与以太网之间的路由器；主站担当通讯调度，完成数据传输的任务。下层，即现场设备层分为六个从站，采用带有现场总线接口的PLC，完成设备控制以及数据采集等任务，发挥PLC可靠性高、价格便宜、配置灵活、适合用于工业控制现场等优势，弥补了现场总线智能现场测量、控制设备价格较高的缺陷。 各从站对中卸提升循环磨机负荷、风扫磨机负荷、分解炉温度、烧成带温度、窑尾废气温度、窑头二次风温和水泥磨机负荷等主要控制量应用模糊控制策略，对生料配料、水泥配料采用偏差加权累积的PID算式串级控制，实现水泥回转窑生产过程的实时监控、分析和优化。更多还原

【Abstract】 The cement rotary kiln has been developed very soon, especially the decomposition technique. So it is mature and has been applied broadly. But the correspondingly control system for it has been to ameliorated and optimized. The cement rotary kiln control system based on PROFIBUS, combined with Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) and Distributed Control System (DCS) is designed on the thinking of configuring the cement rotary kiln.The net structure of the cement rotary kiln control system has three layers. The first layer, named management layer, consists of seven operational stations connected by Ethernet. These stations configure and maintain the whole kiln system, display and operate the locale equipments. It develops the superiority of DCS in programming and configuration, and makes up the disadvantage of PLC in complex controlling. The second layer connects one data server to one main station by PROFIBUS that is opener, more credible and more distributed than DCS. The data server manages the database of the whole net, and accomplishes the router between Ethernet and PROFIBUS. The main station transmits the total data of the whole system. The third layer, named locale layer, is composed of six subordinate stations. In each station, the PLC with PROFIBUS interface is selected to control the locale equipments and collect the locale data. It improves the advantage of PLC in flexible collocation and being adapt to locale controlling, and makes up the disadvantage of PROFIBUS in expensive intelligentized locale equipments.Subordinate stations use fuzzy control technology to control the load of the mid-discharging mill, the load of the air swept mill, the temperature of decomposing furnace, the temperature of firing zone, the temperature of exhaust gas, thetemperature of secondary air and the load of the cement mill, use PID algorithm control of cumulate windage to control raw material batch and cement batch. These control methods accomplish the real-time supervisal, analysis and optimization of the cement rotary kiln.更多还原