循环流化床锅炉自动控制系统的研究与设计

【作者】 孙雅茹；

【导师】 王建国；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 循环流化床锅炉(Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler，简称CFBB或CFB锅炉)作为高效、低污染、燃烧适应性广、负荷调节性能好的洁净燃煤技术，在全世界受到广泛重视，正在成为燃煤技术的主力军。CFB锅炉商业化的迅速发展给它的运行自动化提出了更高的要求。 论文首先介绍了CFB锅炉的结构和工艺流程，然后分析了各主要参数之间的耦合关系及控制系统目前存在的问题。针对CFB锅炉燃烧过程的复杂特性，论文以35T／hCFB锅炉为研究对象，基于多变量频域解耦控制理论，提出了“热量-氧量”双交叉燃烧控制方案，实现了CFB锅炉主要参数之间的解耦控制，消除了燃烧过程中主要内扰的影响，同时保证了燃烧的经济性，进而提高了锅炉燃烧自动控制系统的连续投运率。对于汽水系统，基于模糊控制理论，论文提出了CFB锅炉主蒸汽温度和汽包水位模糊控制方案，并进行了仿真研究，仿真结果表明采用该方法可有效提高汽水系统的控制品质。 最后，根据集散控制系统设计的思想，论文提出了计算机监控系统的设计方案，提高了CFB锅炉实时监控与管理水平。更多还原

【Abstract】 Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler(CFBB or CFB Boiler) is becoming the main coal combustion technique all over the world for its attractive advantages of high combustion efficiency,efficient sulfur removal, low NOx emission, fuel flexibility and good load-following capability. To meet the need of its commercial development, higher demand of CFBB automation is proposed.At first, the paper introduces the structure and process of CFBB, then analyzes the coupling relationship of parameters and problems of control system. Focusing on complex dynamic characteristic involved in combustion process of CFBB, here proposes a "thermal-oxygen" double-cross combustion control method for the 35T/h CFBB based on multivariable frequency decoupling control theory, which can effectively solve such problems as coupling relationship of key parameters, influence of inner disturbance, and burning efficency, thus enhance continuous automatic control of the boiler system. As to steam-water system, fuzzy control methods for main steam temperature control and water level control are introduced. The simulation results indicate that these methods can improve the control characteristic of steam-water system.In the end, the computer monitoring system on the basis of distributed control system scheme is put forward, which can improve the real-time control and management level of the CFBB.更多还原