【作者】 万家余；

【导师】 高宏伟；

【作者基本信息】 中国人民解放军军需大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 为了筛选对肉仔鸡体内胆固醇代谢作用比较明显中草药，进行了从肉仔鸡饲养实验。本实验选用216只1日龄AA鸡，随机分为6组，每处理3个重复，每重复12只，实验期为8周，基础日粮为玉米-豆粕型，对照组采食基础日粮，实验组日粮分别为基础日粮添加1％陈皮、1％山楂、1％决明子、1％绞股蓝和50mg／kg大蒜素。观察三期(0～3、3～6、6～8周龄)的生长性能指标、生化指标；应用逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法，以β-肌动蛋白为内标，检测6周龄肉仔鸡肝脏中三种酶(HMG-CoA还原酶、ACC、FAS)的mRNA的表达量。结果表明：(1)山楂、决明子和大蒜素降低血清TC、TG、VLDL和LDL作用显著(P＜0.05)，升高血液HDL作用显著(P＜0.05)，陈皮和绞股蓝作用不显著(P＞0.05)，五种中草药有降低血糖和尿素氮趋势(P＞0.05)，及升高血清总蛋白的趋势。(2)决明子组与对照组相比胸腿肌甘油三酯分别下降了9.9％和11.8％，胆固醇分别下降了10.8％和13.2％，大蒜素组与对照组相比胸腿肌甘油三酯分别下降了9.9％和9.6％，胆固醇分别下降了10.8％和9.4％。陈皮、山楂和绞股蓝有降低TC和TG的趋势(P＞0.05)。(3)与对照组相比，陈皮组HMG-CoA还原酶、ACC和FAS的mRNA表达量分别下降了33.4％、34.9％和47.6％，山楂组HMG-CoA还原酶、ACC和FAS分别下降了68.2％、45.7％和48.9％，决明子组HMG-CoA还原酶、ACC和FAS分别下降了79.6％、31.9％和62.2％，大蒜素组HMG-CoA还原酶、ACC和FAS分别下降了80.8％、74.2％和64.1％，绞股蓝组HMG-CoA还原酶、ACC和FAS分别下降了11.7％、2.6％和35.4％。(4)五种中草药6周龄前对活重和料重比作用不明显(P＞0.05)，第三期决明子组和大蒜素组对活重和料重比作用明显(P＜0.05)。(5)决明子和大蒜素抑制肉仔鸡胆固醇代谢作用最显著，作为本试验所选目的中草药。更多还原

【Abstract】 The trial was conducted to select several kinds of Chinese medicinal herb which can make significant influence on cholesterol metabolism in chickens. A total of 216 AA chickens of 1-day were randomly divided into six groups and were fed on 1% tangerine peel, l%hawthorn fruit, l%cassia seed, 1% gynostermma pentaphyllum, and 50mg/kg garlicin respectively. Each group had three replicates, which consisted of 12 chickens. The growth parameters and biochemical parameters were investigated, and the abundance of mRNA for three enzymes (HMG-CoA reductase, ACC and FAS) in livers of 6 weeks chickens were detected. The results suggested: 1.serum TC,TG,VLDL and LDL concentrations were significantly decreased(P<0.05) and serum HDL was significantly increased(P<0.05) by basal diet supplemented with hawthorn fruit ,cassia seed, and garlicin respectively. The tangerine peel and gynostermma pentaphyllum had no significant effect on those parameters(P>0.05). The five kinds of Chinese medicinal herb had a tendency of decreasing blood sugar and blood uria nitrogen(P>0.05), and had tendency of increasing TP(P>0.05). 2. TC concentrations in breast muscle and leg muscle were decreased by 10.8%(P<0.05) and 9.4%(P<0.05) respectively, and TG by 9.9%(P<0.05) and 9.9% (P<0.05)by basal diet with cassia seed. TC concentration of breast muscle and leg muscle were decreased by 10.8%(P<0.05) and 9.4%(P<0.05) respectively, and TG by 9.9%(P<0.05) and 9.9% (P<0.05)by basial diet with garlicin. The groups treated with tangerine peel, hawthorn fruit and gynostermma pentaphyllum had a tendency of decreasing TG and TC(P>0.05). 3. The abundance of HMG-CoA,ACC and FAS mRNA in chicks liver was decreased by 33.4%,34.9%, and 47.6% respectively by basal diet with tangerine peel, decreased by68.2%,45.7%, and 48.9% respectively by basal diet with hawthorn fruit, decreased by79.6%,31.9% and 62.2%respectively by basal diet with cassia seed,decreased by80.8%, 74.2%, and 64.1%, respectively by basal diet with garlicin, decreased by11.7%,2.6%, and 35.4%,respectively by basal diet with gynostermma pentaphyllum. 4. The five kinds of Chinese medicinal herb had no significant effect on body weight and feed:gain(P>0.05), at the same time during the third period body weight and feed:gain were significantly decresed by basial diet with garlicin and cassia seed. 5.The effect of dietery garlicin and cassia seed in reducing TC content is the most significant among five dietary supplement.更多还原