【作者】 张渝；

【导师】 王黎；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 电力电子及电力传动， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 本文介绍了一种应用CCD(Charge Couple Device的缩写，称为电荷耦合器件)图像测量技术实现机车轮对外形尺寸在线动态自动检测的方法，并在此基础上完成了“机车车辆轮对检测装置”的研制。 文章通过对轮对相关知识的了解及国内外轮对静态、动态检测技术的深入了解，总结出以CCD图像测量技术为基础的非接触式在线动态检测技术代表了轮对尺寸检测的发展方向。结合我国铁路实际情况设计了“机车车辆轮对检测装置”的检测功能和管理功能，分析了系统的检测原理，提出了采用“光截法”与“CCD图像测量技术”相结合的“光截图像测量技术”来获取车轮外形尺寸及车轮外形曲线的方法，规划了系统的组成结构及检测流程。文章以“装置”的“车轮外形曲线检测单元”为重点，详细介绍了实现车轮外形曲线检测的光截图像测量系统的硬件组成设计和图像处理软件设计，包括检测器件的特性参数设计、安装位置参数估算及图像处理系统的算法分析设计。文章末尾介绍了“装置”的安装运行情况：首先简要介绍了“装置”在实验室内的试验情况，然后对“装置”在现场的运行情况作了详细的数据分析，概括总结了现场安装、调试过程中遇到的问题及解决情况，指出设计中有待完善的地方，并提出了相应的完善措施及改进计划。最后，总结了研究开发过程中有意义的设计，并根据我国铁路发展的方向，展望了轮对在线动态自动检测装置的未来研究方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper mainly introduced an automatic measurement of wheelset dimensions and wheel tread profiles in-track ?"Wheelset Inspection Equipment"("Equipment" for short). The basic technique used in "Equipment" was CCD(Charge Couple Device) image measurement.Firstly, wheelset knowledge related to the research was introduced. After a deep study of various inspection techniques, we drew the conclusion that untouched dynamic inspection technique based on CCD image measurement is a leading technique for dimension measurement in future. Secondly, this paper designed general functions of "Equipment". Analyzed inspecting principles and put up with a method-"light section image measurement" to measure geographic parameter of the wheel tread profile; Conceived configuration and inspection flow of "Equipment". Then, This paper had an emphasis on "wheel tread profile inspection unit" consisted in "Equipment". Hardware and software designs of this unit was detailed explains: including sensor’s characteristic parameter calculation, sensor’s installing location estimation and arithmetic analysis for image processing. Finally, this paper introduced the equipment’s running status in laboratory and in field. Detailed analyzed measuring data. Summarized problems encountered in field and resolution corresponding. Brought forward plans to improve "Equipment". At last, this paper summarized significant designs during the course of research and development, and prospected powerful automatic inspection equipment been developed for wheelset inspection in future.更多还原