【作者】 汪劭祎；

【导师】 刘沐宇；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 市政工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 高等级公路沥青路面具有造价昂贵的特点，这引起了路面结构优化方法的产生和发展。针对常用优化方法解法复杂、计算效率和精度偏低等缺点，本文提出了以遗传算法为基础的优化方法；同时，针对沥青路面的使用性能下降较快、路面质量达不到预期要求的特点，本文在优化方法中对影响路面使用性能的主要因素进行了主动的考虑，提出了新的路面结构优化模型。 首先，针对目前应用广泛的半刚性基层沥青路面的两种主要破坏模式——路面车辙和开裂，本文总结了两者的产生原因及主要控制方法，并从中得出了它们的定量评价模式。 其次，结合对路面使用性能的分析，本文建立了沥青路面结构的厚度优化模型，以期得到在保证使用性能基础上的造价最低的路面结构。该模型主要通过将对使用性能的控制转化为模型约束条件来实现对使用性能的保证。对于控制路面强度及稳定性的约束条件——路表弯沉，采用了简化公式进行计算。 模型的求解是实现该优化方法的关键。在阐述了遗传算法的基本原理并分析其特点后，本文进一步分析了遗传算法对路面结构优化的适用性，确定了遗传算法处理路面优化约束条件的原则，给出了遗传算法用于路面优化模型求解的算法步骤，并在此基础上，编制了遗传算法的路面优化求解程序。 最后，通过三个算例的计算，得出了优化求解的一些参数取值经验，并将优化结果与其它优化解法所得结果进行了比较。计算结果表明，基于遗传算法的该优化解法是实际可行的，而且具有高效、精确的特点，能够实现预期的优化目的。 本文的分析研究为沥青路面结构优化设计提供了新的方法和思路。更多还原

【Abstract】 Optimization method of asphalt pavement is continuously developing because of the high construction cost of the pavement. According to the defects of optimization techniques used previously, such as complex calculating processes and low efficiency, this thesis presents a new optimization method based on Genetic Algorithms (GAs), and in view of the importance of asphalt pavement performance, the method gives a consideration to it.First, rutting and cracking, which are the two main kinds of destruction of semi-rigid base asphalt pavement, is analyzed in the thesis. Some predicting models of pavement performance are also studied and compared. Based on these studies, estimating ways and control methods of rutting and cracking are obtained.Second, with the analysis of pavement performance, optimization model of asphalt pavement thickness is presented. Using this model, pavement with good performance and lowest cost could be attained. Converting control methods to control parameters of the models ensures pavement performance.Solution of the optimization model is the key of this kind of method. After advantages and disadvantages of general optimization techniques are studied, a modern optimization algorithm, GAs is adopted to solve the model in the thesis. It is practical for GAs to solve the model according to its fundamental and traits.At last, using this method, three cases are studied. With the results of them, the method is compared with other methods. It shows that the method is practical and useful, and it has high efficiency and precision.Analysis and study of this thesis provide a new method and thought for asphalt pavement optimization as reference.更多还原