【作者】 雷进生；

【导师】 胡春林；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 岩土工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 本文结合高速公路穿煤隧道工程实例，采用现场施工技术对策探讨、围岩测试分析、数值模拟分析等研究方法，分别从不同角度研究高速公路穿煤隧道在开挖施工期和下卧煤层开采期的变形和稳定问题。主要的研究工作与特色为： (1)根据高速公路穿煤隧道的特点，系统总结了隧道穿煤区段的施工程序和施工方法，对地质雷达探测技术在煤层瓦斯超前探测预报的应用作了研究，给出了隧道揭煤突出危险预测的方法，探讨了穿煤区段开挖爆破方法、瓦斯防治和通风技术、信息化支护设计理论。 (2)通过现场监控量测工作，及时监测围岩变形，检验支护结构的稳定。对监控量测得到的净空收敛、拱顶下沉等监测数据进行回归并作预测分析，分析出隧道过煤区段围岩变形的一般规律，确定了二次衬砌施作时机，提出穿煤区段围岩稳定性判据和标准。通过现场应力测试，对围岩及支护承载体系进行受力分析，评价了围岩的稳定性、爆破开挖方式的恰当性和支护承载体系的可靠性，为实际施工提供同步或超前的信息。 (3)结合穿煤隧道工程实例，分析煤层开采后采空区的处理方法，总结了开采引起的上覆岩层的变形基本规律，建立了隧道围岩受下卧煤层采动影响的应力～应变数学模型，用有限元数值计算方法分析了在不同禁采深度、不同开采方法和不同采空区处理方式的条件下隧道底部岩体的变形规律，进而确定了隧道围护宽度和隧道下卧煤层的禁采范围，提出了控制隧道变形的有效措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the numerical analysis method and the construction technology, as well as the monitoring theory, with an example of tunnel project, the deformation and the stability of the expressway tunnel through the coal seam are studied in various point of views during the different phases. The study work and its feature may be summarized as follows:1) The deformation and the change process of the rockmass of the tunnel is controlled by the construction programme and methods. Based on the tunnel engineering geology analysis, with the geologic radar explore technology, the sudden outbrust of coal and gas is forecasted. The construction programme and methods to dig through the coal seam are discussed. To design the explosive methods for excavation and the timbering structure are designed to command the deformation of the rockmass in the construction period in effect. The tunnel ventilation theory and the methods to prevent and cure the gas are introduced in the paper.2) The deformation of the rockmass and the stabilization of the timbering structure is tested by the monitoring measure work. By powerful chart function and analysis forecast function of popular software, the common rule of the deformation of the tunnel through the coal seam is obtained, and the monitoring measure data was regressed. The range of regress constant, the time scope of three deformation phase, the ultimate stability equation of rockmass, and the executive opportunity of the second liner are obtained by regression analysis. The stability of the rockmass, the system of the timbering system, and the feasibility of the style of the digging and explosion in the tunnel are studied based on the locale stress test, which offer in-phase information or pre-information for the construction.3) The deformation rule of the rockmass on the coal seam are summed up by analyzing the managing methods of the goaf of the coal. The math model of the rockmass under the tunnel, which study the law of the stress and deformation, is set up. Based on the study on different coal height, mining style and goaf managing measurements conditions, the deformation rules of the rockmass of the tunnel through the coal seam are obtained with the tunnel example. Thesafeguarding width range and the mining height scope are presented, which protects the tunnel. The measures to control the deformation of tunnel are given at last.更多还原