异形牙轮单牙轮钻头运动和流场分析

【作者】 盛友萍；

【导师】 邓嵘；

【作者基本信息】 西南石油学院 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 随着钻探新技术的发展，开发深井和超深井技术要求钻头尺寸小型化，由于单牙轮钻头具有三牙轮钻头和PDC钻头的优点，同时又弥补了二者的不足。因此，单牙轮钻头是小井眼钻井的重要选择。但是目前油田上使用的球形单牙轮钻头由于牙齿先期磨损严重，影响了钻头的机械钻速和寿命。因此应针对不同性质的岩石设计符合其破岩特点的单牙轮钻头。 针对以上问题设计了一种复锥面异形牙轮单牙轮钻头，为了研究设计的钻头结构是否合理、钻头的井底破岩效果、钻头的井底流场特性等问题，对试验钻头进行了一系列的分析。分析方法是在Pro/E中对试验钻头进行运动模拟，得到不同结构参数和传动比的钻头运动的数据文件，然后进入用Visual Basic高级语言编制的异形牙轮单牙轮钻头分析软件中，计算出钻头的井底轮廓曲线，并绘制钻头井底轨迹和牙齿刮切井底的速度曲线。为了分析钻头的井底流场特性，针对钻头的结构设计了五种流道形式和喷嘴组合方式，并分别进行了模拟和分析，最终选择了一种比较理想的喷嘴布置方式。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of the new technology of drilling, the exploitation of deep well and over-deep well needs small size bit. Because one-cone bit has the advantages of the three-cone bit and the PDC bit and it makes for their disadvantages, so the one-cone bit is the important chose to drill the small well. But now the use of the spherical one-cone bit shows that the teeth are abrade heavily in advance, which affects the velocity and life of the bit. As a result it is necessary to design new type of one-cone bit according to the quality of the rock.To resolve the above problems we have designed a singular one-cone bit. We analyzed the bit to understand the mechanism, the result of breaking the rock,the characters of the fluid field. By means of the software of Pro/E we studied the movement of the bit and obtained some data reports about different parameter bit. In the environment of Visual Basic the trace program can compute the well-bottom outline. It also can draw the trace and the velocity curve that the teeth scrape the well bottom. We designed five kinds of fluid pipeline and nozzle position and simulated the fluid field to make the bit clear. After comparing the simulation results we chose one better construction of fluid pipeline and nozzle position.更多还原