【作者】 张颖萍；

【导师】 王立人；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 农业生物环境与能源工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 植物水势是一个决定植物体中水运动方向和限度的物理量，也是植物水分生理中一个基本度量单位。它在许多科学研究领域都占有十分重要的地位。因此，作为科学研究的方法手段——植物水势监测技术倍受人们关注。目前，植物水势测量技术主要用于植物水分生理的基础研究，但是运用到其它研究领域，如节水农业和基于植物生理的设施农业环境调控等，现有的测量技术都存在着诸多缺陷。为了满足与植物水势相关的科学领域所需要的方法学要求，并促进植物水势测量技术本身的发展，本文进行了植物水势在线无创伤自动监测技术的研究。 本文的研究内容主要涉及以下几个方面： 1．在仔细分析现有植物水势测量技术原理及优缺点和所开发的植物水势测量仪的基础上，考虑植物水分扩散的动态特性，研究样品水分无阻尼自然扩散，其上方空气的暂态过程与水势的关系，设计了研究植物水势在线无创伤自动监测技术的试验装置。 2．基于对植物水势在线、快速、无创伤、自动监测的目的，对试验装置的性能进行了试验分析，经试验分析，所设计的试验装置符合本课题研究的要求。 3．利用所设计的试验装置和不同浓度的氯化钠溶液进行在线无创伤自动监测植物水势的试验研究分析，并建立了一些监测植物水势的模型，经过比较分析，确定最优地能实现在线无创伤自动监测植物水势的模型；然后运用此模型对不同浓度氯化钾溶液的水势进行测定，以及与美国Wescor公司生产的植物及土壤水势测定仪进行比较测试试验，通过对这些比较验证试验的分析，认为此模型在植物水势在线无创伤自动监测方面具有其可行性。 4．在所设计的试验装置基础上，根据所研究的植物水势在线无创伤自动监测技术，对整个植物水势在线无创伤自动监测系统进行了初步设计。 论文最后对研究成果进行了总结，毕竟此项技术的研究只是初次尝试，还存在着许多问题，有待今后作进一步的分析研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a parameter describing the direction and amount of water movement in the body of plants,water potential is a fundamental physiological parameter of plants which plays important role in many fields of scientific research. So measuring techniques of plant water potential as means of scientific research is intensively interested. While at present various measuring techniques of plant water potential have been developed and used mainly for the study of plant physiology,these existing measuring techniques are not well fit for other application fields such as water-saving agriculture and monitoring and control of structured agriculture environments. In order to meet the requirements of methodology in the study of plant water potential and promote the development of related measuring techniques,the paper is dedicated to the research of on-line non-invasive automatic monitoring technique of plant water potential.The paper expounds on the following aspects.Firstly,on the basis of analysis of current techniques for measuring plant water potential and with the dynamic characteristics of vapor diffusion in consideration,the relationship between the transient process of humidity at the position of the sensor and the water potential of the plant sample is studied in depth,and the corresponding testing apparatus for the on-line non-invasive automatic monitoring of plant water potential is designed.Secondly,with the demands of monitoring plant water potential in mind,the apparatus has been tested with satisfactory resultsThirdly,utilizing that testing apparatus and NaCl solutions at 20 C,a study is preformed to investigate the on-line non-invasive automatic monitoring technique of plant water potential,with some models of monitoring plant water potential properly established. Results show that the second model of monitoring plant water potential is desirable after comparing. Then,comparative measurements are done with KC1 solutions,using both the testing apparatus and the commercial Wescor waterpotential meter. Positive results are obtained on the feasibility of the model used for on-line non-invasive automatic monitoring of plant water potential.Finally,the design of a practical system for the on-line non-invasive automatic monitoring of plant water potential is presented on the basis of the above research work.At the end of the paper,the results of the research are summarized for further improvement.更多还原