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拟对偶双边模与广义矩阵环

【作者】 李爱华

【导师】 张寿传;

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 , 应用数学, 2002, 硕士

【摘要】 零化子在研究对偶环,拟对偶环及对偶双边模中起着非常重要的作用.在第二章中我们首先定义了左拟对偶双边模.设环R是带有单位元的结合环,MR是一个右R-酉模,令S=End(MR),易知sMR是一个(S,R)-双边模.一个双边模sMR是一个左拟对偶双边模,如果MR的每一个本质子模K和S的每一个本质子左理想L分别满足rMls(K)=K和lsrM(L)=L.在第2.1节我们研究了拟对偶双边模的性质.如果sMR是一个左拟对偶双边模,则我们有: (1)rMls(Soc(MR))-Soc(MR)和lsrM(Soc(sS))-Soc(sS); (2)如果MR是一个cs-模,则Soc(MR)在MR中是本质的; (3)如果MR是非M-奇异的,则MR是半单的; (4)如果MR在σ[M]中投射并且半单,则MR是非M-奇异的. 在第2.2节中我们讨论了拟对偶双边模和对偶双边模的关系.我们得到:一个左拟对偶双边模如果满足下列条件之一,则它将成为一个左对偶双边模: (ⅰ)sM是单内射的并且MR是一个M-单内射kasch-模; (ⅱ)MR是一个M-单内射kasch-模并且对sS的任意两个理想,有rM(L1∩L2)=rM(L1)+rM(L2); (ⅲ)sM是单内射的且对MR的任意两个子模,有ls(A∩B)=ls(A)+ls(B).2 在第2.3节中我们将拟对偶性应用于smash积代数R#H,部分解决了半素问题。即令H是一个有限维半单Hopf代数,R是一个H-模代数,如果R是左拟对偶的且半素的,则R#H是半素的. 在第三章中我们讨论了广义矩阵环.我们首先讨论了广义矩阵环的根,得到了广义矩阵环的稠密性定理和Wedderburn-Artin定理.其次,我们从根的意义上刻画了方向图的性质.最后,我们给出了广义矩阵环A,Aji-环Aij和环A的Von Neumann正则根之间的关系.我们得到了以下主要结论: (1)如果r是环的一个超幂零根,A是一个广义矩阵环,则r(A)是A的一个广义矩阵理想. p)如果厂是环的一个超幂零根,则厂是一个N根当且仅当对任何广义矩阵环A,有厂(A) 刀r(An)h,j EI} O)如果J有广义矩阵左且右一零因子,则 s州.rn(.)一二《rn(.),’ e*X O)令厂-@。Vg是一个群分级向量空间,其中 Vg是有限维的,A#-HOIn(V,,K*i。G,jEG·A-Z{A#卜j。G),Ng g·m·rn(A)=Z{rn(A。)i,jEG}=A· (5) r(A)一g.m.r(A)一r<A)一Z迁r(A了)i,jEI},R中r表示 &,r*&rl.

【Abstract】 Annihilator plays an important role in studying dual-rings, quasi-dual rings and dual-bimodules. In chapter two we first define left quasi-dual bimodules. Assume ring R is associative with identity and module MR is a unitary right R-moaule, let S=End(MR\ it is trivial that $MR is a (S, 7?)-bimodule. A bimodule S&/R is a left quasi-dual bimodule if every essential submodule K of MR and every essential left ideal L of S satisfy withrMls(K)=K and lsrM(L)=L respectively. At first, we study the properties ofquasi-dual bimodules. If sMR is a left quasi-dual bimodule, we obtain the following conclusions:(1) rMls(Soc(MR))-Soc(MR) and lsrM(Soc(sSy)-Soc(sS);(2) If MR is a cs-module, then SOC(MR) is essential in MR,(3) If MR is non-M-singular, then MR is semisimple;(4) If MR is projective in o[M] and semisimple, then MR is non-M-singular.Next, we discuss the relations between left quasi-dual bimodules and left dual-bimodules, we obtain that a left quasi-dual bimodule is a left dual bimodule if it satisfies one of the following conditions:( i ) sM is minimal injective and MR is a M-minimal injective kasch-module;( ii ) MR is a M-minimal injective kasch-module and for any two ideals LI and L2 ofSS rM(L1 n L2)-rw(L1)+rM(I2);(iii) sM is minimal injective and for any two submodules A and B of MR,Lastly, we applicate the quasi-duality on smash product algebra R#H, and obtain an answer of the semiprime problem, i.e., let H be a finite-dimensional semisimple Hopf algebra and R be an H-module algebra, if R is left quasi-dual and semiprime, then R#H is semiprime.In chapter three we study generalized matrix rings, we first study the radical of thegeneralized matrix ring A, obtained Density Theorem and Wedderburn-Artin Theorem of generalized matrix rings. Next, we characterized some properties of directed graph by means of radical. Finally, we give the relations among the Von Neumann regular radicals of generalized matrix ring A, Aji-ring Ajjand ring A. We obtain the following conclusions.(1) If r is a super nil radical of a ring, A is a g.m.ring, then r(A) is a g.m.ideal of A.(2) If r is a super nil radical of a ring. Then r is a N-radical if and only if for anyg.m.ring.4, r(A) -(3) If A has g.m.left and right no zero divisors then g.m.rn(A) = (4) Let V = is a group graded vector space, where V& is finitely dimensional. (5) r(A) = gmr(A) = r(A) = , where r doenotes rb, rk or rL

  • 【网络出版投稿人】 湖南大学
  • 【网络出版年期】2003年 02期
  • 【分类号】O153.3
  • 【下载频次】26
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