小城镇总体规划理论、编制内容与方法的研究

【作者】 汤放华；

【导师】 巫纪光； 张兆书；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 建筑与土木工程， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 在中国发展小城镇具有十分重要的战略意义，中国有 13 亿人口，9 亿农民，全面实现国家的现代化必须走工业化和城镇化的道路，我国城镇化的主要途径之一就是将农村剩余劳动力转化为城镇人口。小城镇居城市之尾、乡村之首，是联系城市和乡村的纽带；转移农村剩余劳动力的主要载体是小城镇，积极发展小城镇是一条符合中国国情的城镇化道路；只有发展小城镇，提供大量二、三产业就业岗位来吸纳农村剩余劳动力，才能从根本上解决中国城镇化落后于工业化的问题；发展小城镇有利于扩大内需、开拓市场，增加农民的收入；有利于乡镇企业的发展，加快农业现代化进程，带动第三产业的发展，促进产业结构调整。小城镇总体规划的好坏，直接关系到城镇建设的质量、形成城镇特色、促进城乡可持续发展。本文从小城镇发展的战略意义提出了小城镇总体规划的重要性 如何科学规划好小城镇，必需科学分析小城镇发展的机制、规律和特点，探讨编制小城镇总体规划的理论和内容。本文探讨了小城镇发展的 10 种机制，揭示了小城镇发展的一般规律、不同区域小城镇的发展规律、小城镇个体空间形态与分异规律，提出了小城镇发展的 8 种模式，指出了目前小城镇发展及总体规划存在的问题。如：城镇规模太小，缺乏产业的支撑；城镇基础设施建设严重欠账，人居环境对农民进城没吸引力，建设分散、缺乏合力；在总体规划编制时缺乏战略研究，缺少上层次规划的有效指导，就城镇论城镇，基本套用大中城市总体规划的方法，编制规划所依据的法规、标准不配套，与镇域土地利用规划不协调，并且规划设计缺乏弹性与特色。 针对小城镇总体规划存在的问题，本文提出了要加强规划研究的观点，小城镇与农村同步调整产业结构的观点，小城镇要选择有条件的镇重点发展、不能全面开花、重复建设的观点。创新性地提出了城镇发展战略、城镇发展规划、规模规划、小城镇合理发展规模、两级划分城镇规划区、总体规划与土地利用规划协调、土地价值等级划分与土地利用合理配置、设计深度、不同规模与不同地域小城镇的规划设计标准、小城镇特色规划等理论。在此基础上提出了小城镇总体规划的新方法，如规划期规划与规模规划、规划研究与设计相结合、镇区规划与全镇域整体规划、经济社会环境综合规划、公众参与型规划、刚性规划与弹性规划、城镇与区域协调的规划、目标规划与过程规划、多循环交叉、应用现代信息技术等新方法。 汕七人学帧十学位论义：小城协总体规划迎论、编制内容与方沧的研光 在小城镇总体规划理论与方法的基础上，提出了小城镇总体规划的内容框架，对小城镇总体规划内容作了层次性的扩充，即：将小城镇总体规划扩充为发展规划、建设规划、管理规划，并提出了小城镇总体规划成果规范性要求。 最后以衡山县城总体规划实例做了小城镇总体规划的示范。更多还原

【Abstract】 Towns are of vital importance in the development of China. China has a population of 13 billion people, of which 9 billion are farmers. It must follow the road of industry and town if modernization is to be realized. How to solve the problem of transforming country surplus labour into town popuiation is the key way out. Townlet which is ranked at the top of the country and the bottom of the town and can be bridge of the town and the country. It is ago the main carrier to transform country surplus labour. It’s a townized road qualified to Chinese situation to develop townlet. Only townlet is developed can the problem of Chinese townization falling behind industrialization be solved, can expand internal need, can develop market, increase farmers’ income, benefit the development of country and town enterprise, quicken the process of agricultural modernization and the development of the third industry, and contribute to the adjustment of industrial structure. Whether the townlet overall plan is designed well or not will tiredly affect the quality of town construction, This paper, from the point of strategic significance of townlet development, the guidance of au kinds of construction to realize the sustainable development of the town and the country, puts forward the important points of townlet overall design.In order to scientifically plan town lets. We must scientifically analyze the mechanism, laws and features of townlet development, and probe into the theory and content of planning townlet overall design. This paper probes into 10 mechanisms of townlet development and reveals the developing laws, Characteristics, three kinds of space forms and classifying laws and eight kinds of models of town let development, and also points owt the problems existing in town let development and overall plan.These problems are:1. Townlet scale is too small and lacks the support of the industriy.2. Basic facility construction of townlet is deep in debt.3. Cosntruction is too scattered and the living environment lacks attraction to the farmers.4. It lacks strategic research and efficient instruction on good designing when doing the overall plan.5. Copy the time limit of cities overall plan, and scale predict method.6. There also exist some problems in designing plan itself on which the draft planning isbased, lacking the suitable adjustment to the land using plan, and plans, lack flexibility and features in planning. In accordame with the problems existing in townlet overall planning, this paper proposes that planning research structure be strengthened, industrial structure be adjusted and qualified townlet be chose to be developed. The content and method of various scale townlet general planning in various regions should be treated seperately. Townlet on the Eastern coast should be consistent with regional planning and be planned according to the aim of town and country to be developed integratedly. Townlet around cities in the Mid-western Area should be drafted according to the city planning standard, while the other townlets should be drafted according to the rural town planning standard. The reasonable scale of a townlet should be at least 20 thousand or 30 fhousand people. Townlet under 20 thousand should be drafted by rural (own standard. Townlet over 20 thousand should be drafted according to city planning standard. The paper proposes The Paper proposes the theories Such as stragety of townlet development, planning time limit and Scale, two-level classification of the townlet planning district, coordination of land-value Classification with the land-using planivng and land-living configuration, designing depth and town let characteristic. It also proposes that the overall general planning of country town and country city must reach the depth of region planning, and village town reach the depth of detailed controlled planning design theory. On this basis it puts forward new methods of townlet overall planning such as.planning term planning and scale planning.single integration of plann更多还原