【作者】 杨荣山；

【导师】 刘学毅；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 道路与铁道工程， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 本文较系统地总结了钢轨接头的构造、形式、功能，并对接头区的缺陷及接头病害作了简单的介绍。在与以往接头静力计算方法进行比较后，本文提出了一种新的接头计算模型。该模型是利用有限元软件ANSYS，根据接头的实际尺寸建立实体模型，可以对接头各部件进行细致的应力分析。这种模型避免了复杂的边界条件和理论推导，同时对接头作了尽可能少的简化，因此，计算准确性大大提高。 分析表明：接头受力时，钢轨外侧夹板的应力水平比内侧夹板的应力水平高；在受力条件相同的情况下，螺栓扭矩的变化对接头各部件的应力分布及应力水平有较大影响。螺栓扭矩增大，接头区钢轨轨腰拉力、夹板应力、螺杆内应力都会增大，而钢轨位移会随着螺栓扭矩的增大而减小。一般来说，如果允许夹板与钢轨相互滑动，接头扭矩500～700N·m范围是适宜的；如果将接头“冻结”，则螺栓扭矩应在900～1000N·m左右。 同时，本文根据对夹板的应力分析提出了改进的接头夹板方案，认为该方案能使夹板均匀受力，在设计上是合理的。更多还原

【Abstract】 The structure,the form and the function of the rail joint is summarized systematically in this paper. At the same time,the defect and disease of rail joint is also introduced. After studying the former static calculation method of rail joint,a new calculation model of joint is presented in the article. The new model is built according to the real size of rail joint by finite element software ANSYS,thus can analyze the stress of all parts of rail joint. With the finite element method,we can not only avoid the complicated boundary condition and theory derivation,but also avoid simplifying the rail joint in new calculation model. Therefore the calculation of rail join is more accurate.As the analysis shows that stress of the outside joint bar of rail is higher than that of the inner joint bar when a wheel rolls over the rail joint. Furthermore the change of bolt tension has great effect to the stress distribution and stress level of all parts of rail joint. As the bolt tension increase,the tension of rail web,stress of joint bar and stress of joint bolt would increase accordingly,but the displacement of rail would become smaller. Commonly,if slide between joint bar and rail is permitted,the bolt torque ranged from 500N-m to 700N-m is suitable. If the joint is "frozen",the bolt torque should range from 900N-m to 1100N-m.In this paper we present improved draft of joint bar in the base of the analysis of rail joint. The draft is reasonable for it can make the stress evenly when a wheel rolls over the rail joint.更多还原