民事侵权与刑事犯罪的理论对接与实践把握

【作者】 赵微；

【导师】 杨震；

【作者基本信息】 黑龙江大学 ， 民商法学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 “侵权行为法和刑法的规范共同构成一个权利保障的体系，不仅是权利实现的基础，而且也将形成韦伯所称的现代法治所要求的‘形式合理化’。侵权法和刑法的协调配合以及共同对权利实行严密保护，是法治社会的重要特点。”民事侵权之损害赔偿与刑事犯罪之刑罚制裁在司法实践中处于相互对接与交叉重叠的诉讼过程之中，二者之间理论上的厘定和实践中的把握，无论对于司法部门还是对于诉讼当事人而言都是事关重要的。随着技术的飞跃、社会的发展，侵权行为在社会生活中呈现扩张趋势，侵权法从债权中的分离及其无过错责任原则、公平责任原则的确立标志着我国的侵权法已经步入一个新的历史阶段。但不可否认的是，目前我国侵权法尚不够完善，与刑法相比，还存在许多理论上的困惑，如侵权行为的构成要件之争，归责原则的理论定位、特殊侵权抗辩事由的理论分歧等等。有鉴于此，笔者尝试借助刑法理论，在民事侵权与刑事犯罪之间疏理出一条理论通道及其契合之点，为司法部门准确界定民事侵权与刑事犯罪把脉。更多还原

【Abstract】 Law on tortious acts and criminal law together constitute a system for the safeguarding of rights,which is not only the basis for the realization of rights but also constitutes what Weber called the ’formal rationalization1 required by modern rule of law. The complementation and coordination of the tort law and criminal law as well as strict protection of joint rights are the significant features of a society based on the rule of law. The damages for civil torts and penalties for criminal offences complement and overlap in the judiciary practice of civil procedures. The theoretical definition of the two and the balancing in practice are important both for judiciary organizations and parties to the lawsuit. With the rapid advances of technology and social development,tortuous acts assume a trend of grow in social life. The separation of tort law from the law on obligations and the establishment of no fault liability and fair liability principles mark a new historical stage of tort law. Nevertheless,it is undeniable that tort law legislation in China is anything but perfect in contrast to criminal law and leaves many theoretical frustrations,i.e. controversies over legal requirements of tortuous acts,theoretical positioning,of liability imputation,and theoretical discrepancies over defenses for special torts. Thus,the writer undertakes to carve out a theoretical passage between civil torts and criminal offences on the basis of criminal theories and tries to sort out a meeting point to provide a basis for accurately defining civil torts and criminal offences by judiciary organizations.更多还原