【作者】 黄文丽；

【导师】 卢碧红；

【作者基本信息】 大连铁道学院 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 我国数控机床使用率低的主要原因之一是缺乏技术熟练的编程与操作人员。传统培训方式需要比较昂贵的数控机床，一旦编程或操作有误将导致破坏性后果。利用计算机仿真技术开发仿真培训软件，用于对数控机床操作者进行操作编程的培训，降低了对实物、实地的要求，即使编程和控制有误，也不会造成设备和质量事故。本文针对NC车床操作特点，研究并开发出CKA6763型数控车床仿真培训环境。 论文主要进行了以下具体研究工作：采用面向对象技术和VRML语言建立了由工件、机床、夹具及刀具等实体组成的仿真操作环境；通过描述它们之间的结构关系，快速、真实地显示出三维虚拟场景；采用Java语言编程，实现了仿真培训环境中数控代码的读入、检查、解释及数据处理；根据机床的工件、刀架及尾架等相互运动关系，建立虚拟机床运动仿真模型；根据工件由毛坯变成零件过程中形状、尺寸的变化，应用参数化技术，实现加工工件的动态造型；利用VRML与外部程序接口技术，传递NC代码数据和场景事件消息，实现了NC代码驱动的虚拟车床加工仿真；应用关键帧动画技术，以较少的帧数实现了三维仿真动画；模拟机床越程保护，对操作加工仿真过程中刀架、尾架等运动行程限位，给出越程警示；建立了友好的用户界面，以HTML页面方式提供学习帮助文档，使培训效果快速准确。 采用VRML和JAVA编程语言实现的数控车床仿真培训环境，具有运行平台通用、仿真效果逼真、可扩展性良好的特点。基于本文研究成果开发出的仿真软件，可降低数控机床操作人员培训成本，使培训变得方便、简单，还可以用于远程培训。更多还原

【Abstract】 The using of NC machine tool in our country is not efficient. One of the main reasons is lacking of skillful programmer and operator. The traditional training mode needs expensive NC machine tools,and the errors of programming and operating will lead to damages,while the training software can carry out the training process without the real machine tool and the possible damages. A CKA6763 NC lathe simulation prototype for operation-training is developed in the research.The main research works in the dissertation are explained in detail. Adopting the object-oriented techniques and VRML,the virtual environment is built. Describing the structure relationships of virtual lathe,workpiece,clamps and tools,3D virtual scene is displayed quickly and realizingly. Importing,verifying,translating and processing NC code are realized by Java program. Basing the movement relationships of workpiece,turret and tailstock,the movement model is built. Considering the changes of shape and dimension from workpiece to part and using parameterization techniques,the dynamic modeling is carried out. To realize the NC turning simulation,the data and event messages are transmitted using EAI (external authoring interface of VRML). The key frame animation techniques are utilized to display 3D simulation animation. Overrun preventions are set in the environment and the friendly user interfaces are designed. Meanwhile the help documents is presented by HTML mode.The virtual environment is built by using web-based 3D modeling language VRML and programming language Java,which has characteristic of general platform,realistic rendering and good expansibility. It can be used to develop the training software for local and long-distance training.更多还原