【作者】 王延遐；

【导师】 林聪；

【作者基本信息】 中国农业大学 ， 农业生物环境与能源工程， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 甲醇是一种有前途的、经济的、环保型的生物质燃料。使用柴油-甲醇-水三元乳化燃料，可以不改变发动机的结构，直接利用社会上，特别是农村现有的大量的柴油机，减少设备投资费用；而且可以使用工业甲醇，降低使用成本，同时降低了大气污染，有利于社会推广。 本文开发并合成了一种高效乳化剂，该乳化剂特别适合于柴油-甲醇-水三元乳化液的乳化，乳化剂用量少，仅为0.2％，但形成的乳液能稳定很长的时间。 对用超声乳化法和机械搅拌法制备乳化液的工艺作了深入的研究，细致地探讨了影响乳化液质量的因素，摸索出各乳化工艺参数的影响规律，并且对两种乳化方法作出了比较，得出了它们各自的适用范围。对于制备D80H20柴油-甲醇-水三元乳化液(甲醇中含水15％)，当FHR-1乳化剂含量为0.2％时，用超声乳化法，乳化液可稳定28天；用机械搅拌法，乳化液可稳定48天左右。 在涡流室式柴油机上进行了燃用柴油-甲醇-水三元乳化液的试验研究，得出了各种柴油-甲醇-水三元乳化燃料的使用效果，并探讨了供油角、甲醇中的含水量对发动机性能的影响。如果对供油提前角进行适当的调整，柴油机燃用含有10％～20％甲醇的乳化液时，其性能得到改善，折合燃油消耗率降低5％～8％，发动机的排气温度和烟度均下降。更多还原

【Abstract】 Methanol is promising and economical and cleaning biomass-fuel. With the utilization of oil-methanol-water composite fuels, constructions of diesel engines which are existing in our country, especially in the countryside, need not to be modified so that the investment of equipment can be reduced, and coarse methanol containing impurities can be utilized to cut down the costs.In this paper, a efficient emulsifying is developed, which particularly suitable for production of diesel oil-methanol-water composite fuels. The quantity of the emulsifying agent needed is fairly smaller, only 0.2%, but emulsions produced can be kept stable a long time.The technology of emulsify-cation in the way of ultrasonic wave and mechanical stir is widely investigated. Factors having influence on stability of emulsions produced in two ways is carefully explored, and the law of parameters of emulsification technology which affect the stability of emulsions is obtained. The two ways are compared, their scope of application is clear. D80H20 diesel oil-methanol-water composite fuels(with 0.2% of the emulsifying agent in emulsified fuel and 15% of water in methanol) can be kept.stable for 28 days by using emulsify-cation in the way of ultrasonic wave, and 48 days by using emulsify-cation in the way of mechanical stir.Tests have been carried on a swirl-chamber diesel engine fueled with diesel oil-methanol-water composite fuels. The effects of using different diesel oil-methanol-water composite fuels are shown. Angles of injection and proportion of water in methanol which have influence on the effect of using diesel oil-methanol-water composite fuels are investigated. When the diesel engine fueled with emulsified fuels containing methanol from 10 to 20 percent with the angles of injection adjusted, the performances of it can be improved, thermal efficiency is raised from 5 to 8 percent, temperature of exhaust and smoke are descended.更多还原