【作者】 季彪俊；

【导师】 陈启锋； 李维明；

【作者基本信息】 福建农林大学 ， 作物遗传育种， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 作物品种区域试验的结果决定了品种的利用价值及其适宜推广的区域，而试验点数量和位置的选择，对试验结果具有较大的影响。试验点过多，费用太大，效率不高，管理也常常无法到位；试验地点太少，又缺少代表性，无法试验出品种的种性。对试验点位置，则要求具有较强的生态代表性，能检测出品种对该地区的适应性。 福建水稻区试点是在传统水稻种植分区的基础上，依据行政区域设置的。存在着不同年份、不同水稻类型的区试点变化较大；区试点分布不均匀，对福建多山的地形、气象等生态条件代表性不充分；区试点布设较多，试验不够准确；数据用人工进行分析，误差多、效率低等缺点。因此，研究并改革我省区试点的数量和分布，使其更趋合理，提高试验的准确性和效率；并建立基于计算机的统计分析软件，改变手工计算的方式，是很有必要的。 本研究以各区试点的气象资料和晚季对照品种汕优63近年(1996-1997)的产量性状，对20个区试点分别进行14个因子、主成分因子和灰关联度聚类分析。结果表明，20个区试点可划分为：福州(福州、福安、福鼎3点)、南平(南平、邵武2点)、闽东南(莆田、泉州、同安、南靖、云霄5点)、闽西南(漳州、龙岩、武平3点)、闽西北(明溪、浦城2点)等5区。建议每区各设一个点为主点、一个副点，共计10个区试点。这个方案较目前采用的20个区试点减少了10个，可供试用。 本研究利用Delphi 6.0设计了一个供各区试点进行统计分析的基于Windows 9X的软件。该软件可进行多年多点的方差分析和品种稳定性分析，可实现区试管理和统计分析的微机化。 本研究对各试区的主、副点是否应配置在不同海拔高度的稻田；早稻、中稻、再生稻是否需要另设区试点等需要继续研究解决的问题作了讨论和说明。软件中没有品质的数据分析和随机区组以外试验设计的统计分析，需要由主持管理单位修改区试方案后进行补充完善。更多还原

【Abstract】 The result of crop regional testing determines the application value and the suitable growth areas of a variety. The number and the locations of the testing sites have important effects on the result. Too many sites would raise the cost, reduce the efficiency and bring about difficulty for management, while too few sites would make the result less representative and could not reveal the characteristics of varieties. The testing sites should have ecological environmental representation of the district and could reveal the adaptabilities of varieties to the district.The Fujian rice regional testing sites, which were selected basing on the administrative district and the traditional rice growth region and were changed location in different years and different rice styles, have less ecologically representation for the effect of the topography and altitude in each sites, less veracity and efficiency for too many sites, more error for the trial data analyzed by hand. So it is necessary to study and change the number and locations of the testing sites and build a statistical software in order to improve the veracity and efficiency of the testing.Using the character data of Shanyou 63 and the weather factor date in each test sites, this thesis has tidied up 14 analysis factors and divided 20 trial sites into 5 districts by means of Cluster analysis, Principal component analysis and Gray relativities degree analysis. The 5 districts is Fuzhou (Fuzhou, Fuan, Fuding 3 sites), Southeast of Min (Putian, Quanzhou, Tongan, Nanjing, Yunxiao 5 sites), Nanping (Nanping, Shaowu 2 sites), Southwest of Min (Zhangzhou, Longyan, Wuping 3 sites), Northwest of Min (Mingxi, Pucheng). It was suggested to dispose one main site and one assistant site in each district in order to cut down the numbers of the test sites to 10.This thesis has built a statistical analysis software with Delphi 6.0 basing Windows 9x for date analysis in each sites. The software manage to do the analysis of variance and analysis of stability. It should improve the management and the accuracy in regional testing.Some questions including the altitude of the main and the assistant site, the site of early rice, middle rice and regeneration rice were discussed in this thesis. There is no analysis of the qualities of the varieties and the other design model in the software because it must be amended after the innovation of the trials distribution in Fujian.更多还原