【作者】 殷成凤；

【导师】 赵章焰；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 机械设计与理论， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 目前，金属结构故障诊断成为工程机械领域的一个重要的研究课题，对大型化、老龄化的门座起重机而言，其金属结构的故障时有发生。严重地影响生产的安全，并造成重大的经济损失和社会影响。这一现状要求我们运用故障诊断技术对金属结构件的故障进行状态评估和寿命预测以及其安全性评估，并提供实用的维修方案。在本论文课题研究中，以断裂力学、有限元分析及模糊数学等基础知识为背景，收集大量的有关资料，引入智能化诊断方法，对门座起重机金属结构所涉及数据信息，提出具体的分析思路和采用面向对象的编程思想，建立起可视化的诊断平台。本论文的主要内容包括： (1) 针对门座起重机金属结构故障十分突出的问题，综合分析了门座起重机金属结构故障存在的严重性及维修的紧迫性。 (2) 在金属结构故障状态预测方面，针对起重机自身的特点，采用有限元方法，对门座起重机各个主要承载构件进行有限元分析，对门座起重机裂纹易发生的敏感部位、扩展速度、巡检周期等可进行有效的管理，具有很强的工程实用价值。 (3) 验证结构裂纹维修前后应力转变是否存在映射关系，并以常用的箱形截面构件为尝试，寻找一种能表征构件状态的变量或函数，进一步用数学观点来探讨裂纹维修表示方法。 (4) 在故障安全性研究方面，对故障现象同时从客观和主观的角度具体度量故障知识指标体系，在实际应用中设计和构造基于模糊故障树的金属结构故障专家系统，将专家系统推理过程和故障树分析过程结合后同时进行，建立一个智能型的故障诊断平台，有效地利用模糊逻辑理论进行推理，进一步完善基于裂化指数的门座起重机的安全性评估。 (5) 在系统总体框架设计方面，采用软件集成的技术将上述所涉及的模糊数学模型、有限元仿真模型与智能诊断模型相融合，利用面向对象编程思想，以Visual C++60．作为开发环境，利用Dao与数据库相连接，采用视图类(Form View)形式完成故障诊断系统的开发。注意软件的开放性与可扩展性，在Windows平台上实现“基于集成的门座起重机金属结构故障诊断分析与管理系统”。更多还原

【Abstract】 The diagnosis of the metal structure is an important subject in the engineering machine nowadays. For more large and older gantry cranes, the occurrence of metal structure fault is up to 80% in all fault of gantry cranes, which give bad effects to safety_produce and produce giant loss in economics and bad social influence. All of this ask us look for a more proper fault diagnose method in the field of metal structure. With this method, we can properly evaluate the state and predict the life-span of the working metal structure, and give applicable scheme about maintenance. This paper will give an concrete means on how to diagnose, control and maintenance the fault on the knowledge of fracture mechanics, the FEM and Fuzzy-Maths etc, and collected mass data and introduced the method of intelligence. Moreover it establish the Visualjplatform of diagnose by using the OOP. The main content include:(1) Considering the serious problem of metal structure of the gantry cranes and the technology actual status and trend of fault diagnose nowadays, this papers analyze seriousness of the existing fault and impendency of maintenance.(2) In the part of predicting the fault of structure: Considering the characteristic of crane, This paper contents creating FEM mode of the Load_carrying structure of gantry crane with the FEM, checking of the crack sensitive areas, calculating of the threshold length of crack and observing periodicity. This method is more practicality than that of other methods.(3) To validate the mapping of process from non_fault to fault by giving a try with a structure to look for a variable and function to describe the status of the structure and discuss the means of crack maintenance with maths point.(4) In the part of the research of structure safety: from both objective and subjective view, This paper present a qualitative and quantitative language to express the fault and build a structure fault diagnosis expert system by combine the process of expert system with the process of the fault tree analysis, and construct an intelligent diagnose platform toreasoning with ES and analysis the fault tree.(5) In the part of the designing whole system scheme: By using the software integration technology to combine the maths mode, FEM mode and intelligence diagnosis mode together. By using the OOP to develop the fault diagnosis system with the DAO technology to connect the database and FormView class of the software VC++6.0. Completing the "the Diagnosis and Management Integrated System of Gantry Cranes Metal Structure Fault" in Windows_platform. The software have opening and expanding function, which can provide the filling the knowledge and other module.Finally, the papers sum up the work and achievement, and give farther view in future.更多还原