用海藻制备“绿色”水处理剂的研究

【作者】 刘学虎；

【导师】 马伟；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 无机化学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以海带为原料，制备缓蚀剂和吸附剂。通过加热提取和生物降解两种方法，并加入不同防腐剂，制得三种缓蚀剂，分别以处理过的海带和未处理的海带做吸附剂。 在10％的盐酸中，以失重法对三种缓蚀剂的缓蚀效果分别进行测试，测试温度范围为20℃到70℃，结果发现，两种方法制得的缓蚀剂对A3钢都有一定的缓蚀效果，尤以生物降解得到的缓蚀剂效果较好，而且缓蚀效果受温度影响小，可以达到90％以上。以制得的缓蚀剂与乌落托品和苯骈三唑复配使用，测试其协同作用效果。结果发现该缓蚀剂与乌落托品有很好的协同作用，试剂3与乌落托品的协同作用效果可达到97％。 分别以处理过的海带和未处理的海带做吸附剂，对Fe²⁺、Fe³⁺和Cu²⁺进行吸附实验，未处理的海带对三种离子的饱和的单位吸附量顺序是Cu²⁺（4.83mg／g）〉Fe³⁺（4.32mg／g）〉Fe²⁺（3.42mg／g）。并测试了温度、pH值对吸附的影响，结果发现，鲜海带对三种离子的吸附都吸附受温度和pH值的影响，吸附能力随pH值升高而增加，在一定温度范围内，升高温度有利于吸附。 缓蚀和生物吸附过程符合Langumir模型，可见这两个过程的实质是单分子化学吸附。更多还原

【Abstract】 Corrosion inhibitors and absorbent were gotten from kelp in this paper; the corrosion inhibitor was gotten by heating or decomposition the kelp, the dry kelp or fresh kelp were used to absorb the Fe2+, Fe3+ or Cu2+.The inhibition efficiency of the three corrosion inhibitors, which used in acid cleaning of A3-steel, was calculated using weight loss measurement in 10% Hydrochloric Acid, the experimental temperature rang from 20 ℃ to70℃, the experiment time was one or two hours. Result showed that the inhibitors can inhibit the corrosion of A3-steel in Hydrochloric Acid, the inhibition efficiency of the inhibitor could get over 90%, and the inhibition efficiency was affected by temperature weakly and irregularly. The inhibition efficiency of the inhibitors combined with hexamethylenamine and benzoltriazole was studied. Experiment showed that the corrosion inhibitors could combine with hexamethylenamine very well, the inhibition efficiency could get 97%.Absorption experiment was carried out using dry and fresh kelp. Result showed that the fresh kelp can absorb Fe2+ Fe3+ or Cu2+ and the order of uptake is that Cu2+ (4.83mg/g) Fe3+(4.32mg/g) Fe2+(3.42mg/g). The effect of PH and temperature on the removal was studied, the removal of Fe2 Fe3+ and Cu + is effect by temperature and pH, the removal of Fe2+ Fe3+ or Cu2+increase with the increase of temperature and pHThe both process of corrosion inhibiton and biosorption congruent is well with Langmuir model, so it shows the mono-molecula chemical adsorption between kelp and metal is more inportant in the both process.更多还原