铁屑微电解法预处理工业废水的研究

【作者】 欧阳玉祝；

【导师】 王继徽； 张新民；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 环境工程， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 随着工业生产的不断发展，工业废水排放量逐渐增加，各种工业废水已成为影响生态环境的主要污染源。不同的废水，污染物组成不同，处理方法和程度也不相同。铁屑微电解法处理工业废水是一种“以废治废”的实用处理工艺。现已用于印染、石油化工、电镀、印刷电路板等工业废水和含砷废水的处理。本文对铁屑微电解法预处理酿酒厂、炼钒厂和电解锰厂等三种工业废水进行了研究。第一部分是酿酒废水的处理。酿酒废水是高浓度有机废水，COD_cr值可达1.5×10⁴mg/L，颜色呈黑色，pH值为5—6，主要污染物为糖类、醇类、维生素和单宁酸等。第二部分是V₂O₅生产废水的处理。吉首地区生产V₂O₅均以石煤矿为原料，采用空白焙烧法生产。在生产过程中将产生大量的酸性含矾(V⁵⁺)废水，主要污染物为V⁵⁺和Cd²⁺，由于高价钒和镉的毒性而严重污染环境。第三部分是电解锰在矿物预处理、浸取、电解液的配制和极板的冲洗等过程中产生的废水。这种废水Cr⁶⁺和Mn²⁺严重超标。炼钒和电解锰生产废水多采用离子交换法或化学沉淀法处理。离子交换法生产投资大，化学沉淀法运行费用高，去除率低。本文采用铁屑微电解法，使有机或无机污染物通过电化学反应而降解。同时，结合其它处理方法，使污染物被去除。其中酿酒、电解锰废水现正投入生产运行。结果表明，处理效果良好，COD_cr去除率可达98％。本法采用机械加工产生的废铁屑为原料，具有“以废治废”的特点，是一套容易管理，适用范围广，去除率高，处理成本低的废水处理工艺，有很高的推广应用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the industrial production ever-developing that industrial wastewater ever-increasing, the all kinds of the industrial wastewater have already been becoming main pollution source that effect ecology environment. Because component of the pollution in the wastewater are not same, the method and extent of the treatment are not same. The iron chipping microelectrolysis processing industrial wastewater is a kind of the application technology of the "using waste treat waste". It has already been used treatment of the wastewater of the dyeing petroleum chemical industry electroplating printing electric circuit plate produce and contain arsenic etc.. This article for three parts on treatment brewing> electrolytic mangan and contain vanadium wastewater were studied. In the first past is treatment of the brewing wastewater. It is a kind of the high concentration of the organics wastewater, the value of CODcr is about 1.5xl04mg/L.The color is black. The main pollution are saccharid alcohol vitamin and tannic acid, pH=4-5. In the second past is wastewater of the ViOs production. Jishou zone produce "V^Os to use bone coal mineral as material, which was produced by blank calcinations process. A lot of the acid contain vanadium wastewater was produced in the course of the production. The main pollution were V5+ and Cd2+. As V5+ and Cd2+ high toxin that environment was pollution serious. In the third past is wastewater that was produced in electrolytic mangan course as pretreatment of the mineraL confect of the electrolytic solution and washing of the polar plate etc.. As Cr6^" and Mn2+ serious exceed standard that environment pollution. A lot of reference literature were proved, brewing and abattoir wastewater were processed with the method of the biochemistry now. This kind of the method manage difficult, cost is expensive. Semlt vanadium and electrolytic mangan plant wastewater use ion-exchange and chemistry precipitation methods treatment, the production investment of ion-exchange method was larger and running cost of the chemistry precipitation method was higher and purgation ratio was lower. The orgnics and inorganics pollution were decomposed through electrochemistry reaction with the iron chipping microelectrolysis treatment these wastewater hi the article. As the same time, other treatment method are combined, thereby make pollution were purged. Now brewind and electrolytic mangan wastewater are running in the plate production. The results shown that the method treatment effect was higher, the purgation ratio of CODcr was about 98%. As the waste iron chipping of the machining was used as the material which has character of the "using waste treat waste" , is a kind of the treatment technology of the easy management, using range wide purgation ratiohigh and treatment cost low, so there is more high than in application worth.更多还原