【作者】 李鹏；

【导师】 李成榕；

【作者基本信息】 华北电力（北京）大学 ， 高电压与绝缘技术， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 高压输电线路发生故障时，及时准确地测量出故障位置有利于快速排除故障、恢复供电，因此，故障测距对电力系统安全可靠运行有重要意义。本文进行了高压架空线路故障测距装置的研究，设计制作了一台故障测距装置，设计了信号的传感器和数据采集部分，采用工控机控制数据采集卡进行数据采集和分析。分析比较了现有的各类测距算法，给出了一种新的不需要数据同步的双端测距算法，利用故障前数据校正故障后两端数据的不同步角差。同时为了满足某些需要，测距装置也提供单端测距功能。通过ATP仿真，算法有很好的测距精度。分析了现有的一些保护滤波算法，改进了现有故障录波和测距装置的故障录波启动和测距基波提取采用单一算法的方法。故障录波启动采用全波傅立叶差分算法，以满足启动实时性要求，测距所需基波的提取采用最小二乘法，适应其精度要求高而实时性无要求的特点。采用Delphi 5.0环境编程，完成工控机对数据采集卡的控制，实时监测、显示电压电流波形，故障时启动录波，进行故障测距，建立了故障数据库，使测距装置成为一个完整系统。更多还原

【Abstract】 When faults occur in the transmission line, locating the fault accurately and timely is propitious to eliminate the fault and resupply power. The exact fault location of the transmission line is fundamental to ensure a proper operation of the system. The main contributions to the investigation of the device for fault location are as follows: A set of device for fault location of the transmission line is developed, which consists of the signal sensor and the data acquisition system. The data acquisition and calculation are controlled by industrial controlling computer. Various algorithms are discussed completely in this paper. A new algorithm of two-terminal fault location using asynchronous data at both ends is used in the device, which use the data pre-fault to remove the angular difference caused by the asynchrony of the two terminals. In order to satisfy some requirement, the device can locate the fault using single-terminal data. Lots of simulation results show that the algorithms used in this device can locate the fault site precisely. Some protective algorithms are discussed in this paper. Most of device for fault location use single algorithm in both record star-up and the extraction of fundamental frequency component in location. This way has been improved in this paper. Whole-cycle Fourier differential algorithm is adopted in record start-up to satisfy the Real-time requirement. The least squares method is applied to extract the fundamental frequency component in location which has low computing speed but high precision. The software of the device is developed using Delphi 5.0 environment, which can control the data acquisition, monitor signals and show the Real-time waveform. The software start recording data in fault and calculate the fault site then, which has built database and make the device a rounded system.更多还原