【作者】 谭翔文；

【导师】 王继成；

【作者基本信息】 湖南农业大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 为正确评定纤维成分在生长猪的营养价值，本论文以可溶性纤维-果胶为材料，用全收粪法研究了其对生长猪消化代谢的影响，用动静脉插管术研究了其对生长猪血糖、血氨的影响。 消化代谢试验：选用体重为30kg左右、健康杂交去势公猪(杜×长×大)6头，随机分为2组，将其饲养于不锈钢代谢笼内，饲喂半纯合饲粮，试验组添加8％的果胶，对照组不加果胶，自由饮水。测定饲料、粪及尿中的能量含量和氮含量。 插管术试验：选用体重为30kg左右、健康杂交去势公猪(杜×长×大)4头，每头猪的门静脉、颈动脉均安装插管，采用交叉法，随机分为2组，将其饲养于装有有机玻璃的不锈钢代谢笼内，饲喂半纯合饲粮，试验组添加8％的果胶，对照组不加果胶，自由饮水。手术后待猪恢复健康7d时，即从门静脉、颈动脉抽取血液，采血时间为采食前(0h)、采食后1h、2h、3h、4h、5h、6h、7h，每7d采血1次，共计采血3次。每次抽取的血液均测其血糖、血氨含量。 试验结果表明： ①日粮中添加8％果胶，降低了能量表观消化率、表观消化能，影响显著(P＜0.05)；降低了能量表观代谢率、表观代谢能，影响极显著(P＜0.01)。 ②日粮中添加8％果胶，降低了氮表观消化率，影响显著(P＜0.05)，降低了氮表观代谢率、氮沉积量和氮生物学价值，但无显著性影响(P＞0.05)。 ③门静脉血糖浓度在采食后两组均迅速上升。日粮中添加8％果胶，降低了门静脉血糖浓度，但只在3h时有显著性影响(P＜0.05)，对采食后门静脉血糖平均浓度无显著性影响(P＞0.05)。门静脉血糖浓度峰值，试验组与对照组均在2h。 ④颈动脉血糖浓度在采食后两组均上升。日粮中添加8％果胶，降低了颈动脉血糖浓度，但无显著性影响(P＞0.05)，对采食后颈动脉血糖平均浓度无显著性影响(P＞0.05)。颈动脉血糖浓度峰值，试验组在2h、5h，对照组在2h。 ⑤动静脉血糖浓度差，在采食前两组均为负值，在采食后均上升。日粮中添加8％果胶，降低了动静脉血糖浓度差，但只在3h(P＜0.05)、4h(P＜0.01)时有显著性影响，对采食后动静脉血糖浓度差平均值无显著性影响(P＞0.05)。动静脉血糖浓度差峰值，试验组与对照组均在2h。 ⑥门静脉血氨浓度在采食后两组均迅速上升。日粮中添加8％果胶，降低了门静脉血氨浓度，但只在3h时有显著性影响(P＜0.01)，对采食后门静脉血氨平均浓度无显著性影响 叩川．05）。门静脉血氨浓度峰值，试验组在抓，对照组在儿。 ①颈动脉血氨浓度在采食后两组均上升。日粮中添加 8％果胶，降低了颈动脉血氨浓度，但无显著性影响（P＞0．05），对采食后颈动脉血氨平均浓度无显著性影响 （P＞0．05）。颈动脉血氨浓度峰值，两组均在 3h。 ③动静脉血氨浓度差在采食后两组均上升。日粮中添加 8％果胶，降低了动静脉血氨浓度差，但只在lh（P（．05）、3h（P＜0．of）、4h（P（．05）时有显著性影响，对采食后动静脉血氨浓度差平均值无显著性影响（P＞0．05）。动静脉血氨浓度差峰值，试验组与对照组均在 Zh。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to correctly evaluate the nutritional values of the component of fiber in growing pigs. Soluble fiber-pectin was used as experimental material in this thesis. The influence of soluble fiber-pectin on the nutritional digestion , metabolism by means of total collecting feces technique and on the concentrations of plasma glucose, plasma ammonia by means of carotid artery and hepatic portal vein catheter technique were studied with growing pigs.Experiment of digestion, metabolism Six healthy crossbred barrow(Durocx Landrace* Large Yorshire) with weighing about 30 kg were randomly divided into two groups and placed into stainless steel metabolism cages. Pigs were fed semipurified diets. The treatment diet was added 8% pectin and control diet was not added pectin. Water was provided ad libitum. The concentrations of energy and nitrogen in feeds, feces and urine were determined.Experiment of catheter technique Four healthy crossbred barrows (Duroc x Landrace x Large Yorshire) with weighing about 30 kg were fitted with catheters in the hepatic portal vein and carotid artery. The experiment was used crossover design .The growing pigs were randomly divided into two groups and placed into stainless steel metabolism cages which were fitted with organic glass. Pigs were fed semipurified diets. The treatment diet was added 8% pectin and the control diet was not added pectin. Water was provided ad libitum. Blood samples were taken from the portal vein and carotid artery cannulas after 7 days when pigs had regained their preoperative health. The time of collecting blood was conducted during the preprandial (Oh) and Ih, 2h, 3h, 4h. 5h, 6h, 7h postprandial period. Blood samples were collected at 7 days intervals. The times of collecting blood samples was three. Plasma glucose and plasma ammonia concentrations of each blood sample were determined.The results showed that:(1) 8% pectin-supplemented diet depressed the apparent digestibilities of energy, ADE (PO.05) and also depressed the apparent metabilizabilities of energy, AME (P<0.01).(2) 8% pectin-supplemented diet depressed the apparent digestibilities of nitrogen (P<0.05). but did not affect the apparent metabilizabilities of nitrogen . quantities of nitrogen deposition and BV (P>0.05).(3) Portal plasma glucose concentration was rapidly elevated for two groups after feeding.8% pectin-supplemented diet decreased the portal plasma glucose concentration, but only had significant difference at 3h (P<0.05) postprandial and did not affect the average portal plasma glucose concentration after feeding (P>0.05). Highest portal plasma glucose concentration was measured for treatment group and control group at 2h.(4)Arterial plasma glucose concentration was elevated for two groups after feeding. 8% pectin-supplemented diet decreased the arterial plasma glucose concentration, but had no significant difference (P>0.05) and did not affect the average portal plasma glucose concentration after feeding (P>0.05). Highest arterial plasma glucose concentrations were measured for treatment group at 2h, 5h and control group at 2h.(5) The porto-arterial concentration difference of plasma glucose was negative for two groups before feeding and elevated for two groups after feeding. 8% pectin-supplemented diet decreased the porto-arterial concentration difference of plasma glucose, but only had significant difference at 3h (P<0.05) and 4h (P<0.01) postprandial and did not affect the average porto-arterial concentration of plasma glucose after feeding (P>0.05). Highest porto-arterial concentration was measured for treatment group and control group at 2h.(6) Portal plasma ammonia concentration was rapidly elevated for two groups after feeding. 8% pectin-supplemented diet decreased the portal plasma ammonia concentration, but only had significant difference at 3h (PO.01) postprandial and did not affect the average portal plasma ammonia concentration after feeding (P>0.05). Highest portal plasma concentration was measured for treatment group at 2h and Control group a更多还原