【作者】 周宇；

【导师】 杨克斯； 王宝荣；

【作者基本信息】 广西大学 ， 政治经济学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 ERP是西方先进管理理论的载体，应用ERP系统可以实现对企业资源的有效控制和管理，提高市场响应能力和生产效率、减少库存、降低成本，从而建立全面的竞争优势。利用ERP有利于加快我国企业改造粗放型的管理的进程，尽快具备与国外竞争对手抗衡的能力。因而，引入ERP是大势所趋。 ERP项目是一项投资大、难度大、高风险的项目，如果没有科学的评估为基础很容易导致决策失误，在我国ERP成功率不高的现状使评估更具有特殊的重要性，而ERP的特点决定了不能套用其它项目的评估方法，必须针对ERP的特点建立新的评估体系。然而国内对ERP评估的研究不系统、不充分，无法对企业评估ERP项目起指导作用。所以，探索ERP项目评估体系和评估方法是非常必要的。 本文的研究目的就是要建立一整套较为系统、完整、可操作的ERP项目评估体系和评估方法，为我国企业评估ERP项目提供方法上的指导，帮助企业进行科学的决策。因此，本文具有较高的理论价值和实用价值。 本文的思路如下：首先介绍ERP的原理及实施过程，这是评估的基础，只有充分理解了ERP的原理及实施过程才能针对ERP的特点进行合理的评估；然后论述评估各环节，评估共分五个环节。第一个环节是对企业的ERP功能需求的分析与评估，只有ERP的功能能够充分满足企业的需求才谈得上实施ERP；第二个环节是对企业的ERP实施条件的分析与评估，企业只有具备相应的条件才能实施ERP；第三个环节是对ERP软件选型的分析与评估，不同企业情况不同，适用的ERP软件也不同，只有选择到一套合适的软件才能保证实施的成功；第四个环节是对ERP项目效益的分析与评估，企业是利益驱动的，只有效益大于投资ERP项目才是可行的；第五个环节是对ERP项目风险分析与评估，这是从不确定性分析角度分析各种风险对收益的影响。 本文的创新体现在：在总体方面建立了一套较为系统、完整、独特的项目评估体系；在分项评估方面，管理需求的分析与评估环节提出了分析需求的方法、评估需求重要性的原则及评估需求满足程度的方法；实施条件、选型、风险的分析与评估环节，建立了相应的评估指标体系，提出了相应的评估指标；风险的分析与评估环节还建立了ERP系统实施内外关系模型和风险评估模型。更多还原

【Abstract】 Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) is a carrier of foreign advanced management theory. By employing ERP , enterprise can control and manage its resources more efficiently, and then increase respondent speed for market and productivity, decrease inventory, reduce cost, and finally establish comprehensive enterprise competition advantage. Hence, by utilizing ERP our enterprises can accelerate the process of improving our "coarse management", and possess the ability against powerful foreign competitors as quickly as possible. Obviously, implementing ERP is the trend of the times.ERP is a project of big-investment, huge-difficulty and high-risk. Hence, if decision doesn’t be based on scientific evaluation, it is easy to make mistakes. And evaluation becomes especial important because of the considerably low success rate of implementing ERP in our country. Furthermore, ERP project is quite distinct from common one, so that we can’t make use of common method and must establish a new system of evaluation according to ERP’s characteristics. However, the domestic studies on ERP project’s evaluation aren’t systemic enough to instruct enterprises. Therefore, it is very necessary to study evaluation system and method of ERP project.The aim of this thesis is to establish a systemic, comprehensive, operable evaluation system and method of ERP project, which can instruct enterprises to evaluate their ERP project and to make correct decisions. Therefore, the thesis has theoretical and practical value.The following is the train of thought of the thesis. Firstly, the thesis introduces the principle and a representative implementing process of ERR These are the basis of evaluation on the ground that unless understand them well we can’t establish a reasonable evaluation system in accord with ERP’s characteristics. Secondly, the thesis discusses the evaluation process which includes five steps. The analysis and evaluation of requirements for ERP’s functions must be considered as the first step, because ERP is needed only if ERP’s functions can meet requirements of management. The second step involves the analysis and evaluation of implementing conditions. Enterprises can implement ERP only when they have correspondent conditions. The analysis and evaluation of software-selecting is the 3th step. A proper ERP software is the foundation of successful implementation, as different ERP software is suitable for different company. The analysis and evaluation of benefit is taken into account in the 4th step. As an enterprise’ behavior is drived by profit, ERP project is feasible only if its income exceed its investment. The last step is the analysis and evaluation of risks.It focuses on the effect of all kinds of risks on benefit from the view of uncertain analyses.The thesis’s innovations are as fallows. In general, the thesis designs a innovative and comprehensive project evaluation system. In part, the section of analysis and evaluation of requirements puts forward the analytical method of requirements, the evaluating criterion of requirements weightiness and the evaluating method of the meeting degree of requirements. And the section of analysis and evaluation of implementing conditions, software-selecting and risks respectively designs corresponding evaluation index and its system. The section of analysis and evaluation of risks establishs model of inside and outside relations of implementing ERP and of risk-evaluating .更多还原