【作者】 刘盛余；

【导师】 马少健；

【作者基本信息】 广西大学 ， 采矿工程， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 低廉、高效吸附材料的开发一直是吸附法处理废水中的一个研究热点。本文采用试验研究的方法，从影响钢渣吸附性能的因素入手，主要探索了钢渣对重金属离子的吸附性能、吸附机理，为开发利用钢渣作吸附剂提供了理论依据。 在钢渣吸附处理重金属离子的试验研究中，研究了钢渣细度、用量、接触时间、废水酸碱度、离子初始浓度及振荡转速等因素对pb²⁺、Cr³⁺去除效果的影响。试验表明，利用钢渣吸附处理含Cr³⁺的废水，当浓度在400mg／l以内，吸附时间为50min，按铬／钢渣质量比为1／300投加钢渣时，废水可以一次性达标排放；处理含pb²⁺的废水，当浓度在50—500mg／l之间，按铅／钢渣质量比为1／200投加钢渣，其去除率可达到94％以上；钢渣吸附重金属离子的pH适应范围广，在较宽的pH范围内对重金属离子具有稳定的去除率；与活性炭相比，钢渣对Cu²⁺、pb²⁺、Cr³⁺、Zn²⁺的去除能力更强；其穿透曲线表明钢渣易被穿透。 在钢渣吸附有机物的试验研究中，研究了钢渣对苯酚和苯胺的吸附性能。试验表明：钢渣对苯胺的吸附能力远远大于钢渣对苯酚的吸附能力；改性后的钢渣对苯酚的去除能力有所提高，其去除能力与改性剂（CTMAB）的浓度有关。 钢渣的吸附机理复杂，其吸附选择性与吸附质在溶液中的存在形态、离子的电性、电价、离子半径等因素密切相关。钢渣吸附Cr³⁺符合Freundlich方程，钢渣吸附Pb²⁺符合Langmuir方程。更多还原

【Abstract】 Development of an inexpensive and easily available adsorbent has been active in adsorption study. In this paper, the adsorption properties and adsorption mechanism were investigated by experiments, which may provide the theory bases the development of steel slag’s adsorbent.Based on the adsorption experiments of heavy metals onto steel slag , the effects on the adsorption of Pb2+> Cr3+ of many factors, such as the mesh of steel slag , pH, the absorbent’s dosage, contact time and the initial ionic concentration were studied. The experimental results indicated that the steel slag had a high removal rate of Pb2\ Cr3+. For Cr3+, under the operation conditions that its initial concentration of Cr3+ was below 400mg/l, adsorption time was 50 minutes and the quality ratio of Cr3+ to steel slag equaled 1/300, the effluent could be effectively treated to fit in with the needs of national drainage standards. For wastewater containing Pb2+, its removal efficiency came up to 94%, under the conditions of 50?00mg/l of Pb2+, 1/200 of Pb2+/slag. In addition, the adsorption of heavy metals onto steel slag could adapt to wide pH. Comparing with activated carbon, the steel slag showed more high removal efficiency of Cu2\ Pb2\ Cr3+% Zn2+.Based on the adsorption experiments of organic compounds, the adsorption of phenol and aniline onto steel slag were tested. The results showed that the steel slag had more high adsorptive efficiency for aniline than that for phenol. The steel slag modified by CTMAB demonstrated a good adsorption ability of phenol. The removal of phenol onto modified steel slag was related with the concentration of CTMAB .The adsorption mechanism of steel slag was complicated and involved many forces, but the ion-exchange was the chief adsorption form. The steel slag can selectively adsorb some ions, which was relative to ionic charge, ionic radius and effective hydrated ionic radius. The adsorption process of Cr3+ met with Freundlich equation, and the adsorption process of Pb2+ met with Langmuir equation .更多还原