【作者】 陈永贵；

【导师】 张可能； 魏中超；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 地质工程， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 尾矿库是矿山的重要生产设施之一，尾矿坝的运行情况直接影响到尾矿库的正常使用和环境效应。因此，充分认识尾矿坝的渗漏特征，分析模拟尾矿坝的渗流运动，研究制订尾矿坝的渗漏治理措施，具有重要的理论意义和实际意义。 作为水利、水电工程的渗漏治理措施，经过长期的应用研究，在实践中已相对成熟。但对于矿山废石、尾矿坝的渗漏，由于库内酸性水含有大量的重金属离子，在通过坝体发生渗漏的过程中会发生一系列的化学、物理、尘化反应，这种反应比一般的水利水电工程坝体渗漏要强烈得多，它将直接影响到坝体的渗流形式和渗流场模拟；为防止尾矿库内有害物质的扩散渗流，在坝体中建立的防渗帷幕工作环境较为恶劣，需长期承受渗滤液中的重金属离子、强酸及其它有害物质的侵蚀，其防渗等级比一般的水利、水电工程要高很多。因而，针对含硫铜矿尾矿坝的渗漏治理，常用的帷幕注浆技术将有许多问题需要研究和解决，如何深入地认识尾矿坝的渗漏特征，采取较为有效治理措施确保防渗帷幕的抗渗防腐能力，对尾矿坝的渗漏治理就显得尤为重要。 本文以含硫铜矿尾矿坝为研究对象，结合永平铜矿南部10~#尾矿坝的渗漏治理实践，深入探讨了对尾矿坝的渗漏认识，详细研究了含硫铜矿尾矿坝的渗流特征，在分析含硫铜矿尾矿库酸性水与坝体物料作用机理的基础上，初步推导出符合尾矿坝渗流特征的渗流控制方程，建立了尾矿坝渗流运动的动态数学模型，并且分析了在这种坝体中建立防渗帷幕的性能要求和渗漏治理对策。 研究结果表明：尾矿坝的渗流问题属于空间三维问题，其渗流场受液相(酸性渗水)与固相介质(尾矿坝体物料)之间的物理化学反应程度的影响较大，存在一定的渗漏量损失；在这种坝体中建立的防渗帷幕需要具有较高的防渗等级、较好的抗酸稳定性和完整性才能确保下游区免受酸水污染和坝体的稳定；高压摆喷灌浆与粘土固化注浆相结合在永平铜矿南部10~#尾矿坝渗漏治理中的应用取得了较好的治理效果，创造了良好的社会经济和环境效益，为今后同类型尾矿坝的渗漏治理提供了施工经验和工程范例，具有一定的指导作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The useness and the environment effect of the tailings reservoir, which is an import part of mine installations, are directly affected by the conditions of the tailings dam. Therefore, it is significant meaning to fully recognize the character, to analysis and simulate the flow, to research and work out the control measure of the tailings dam leakage.The tailings dam of sulphur-containing copper ores was taken as an object, combined with the harness practice with the seepage of tailings dam southern 10th in Yongping Copper Mine, discussion was put on the recognition of the seepage of tailings dam, and its characters. The command equation of seepage which accord with percolated region of tailings dam was inferred initially, the dynamic mathematics-model was established. Then, the function of antiseeping curtain and governable harness of seepage in this dam was presented.The results of the research and the field practice and its use show as follows: the problem with the seepage of tailings dam is belongs to three-dimensions space, and is great affected by the degree of physical and chemistry reaction between liquid phase (acidic seepage water) and solid phase (material of tailings dam), so there is loss in the seepage. High antiseeping grade, good anti-acid stabilization and perfection are requested to build antiseeping curtain in this type of dam, in order to keep thedownstream area from acid water pollution and ensure the dam stability. Combination high pressure jet grouting with clay-solidified grouting had gained good effect in the harness practice with the seepage of the tailings dam southern 10th in Yongping Copper Mine, had produced a great benefits, and it will be an example for this kind of engineering.更多还原