【作者】 李晓芳；

【导师】 韩国有；

【作者基本信息】 大庆石油学院 ， 化工过程机械， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 地面驱动井下单螺杆抽油泵(以下简称螺杆泵)，是一种新型采油设备，近几年来在国内外众多油田上得到了广泛应用，为油田的原油开采发挥了重要作用。产品已形成系列，它既能用于低黏度原油开采，又适用于稠油、高凝固点油、高含蜡油、高含砂油及高含气油的开采，它具有其它抽油设备所不能替代的优越性。从近几年的推广情况看，对于浅井、中深度井，大有取代多年不变的笨重抽油机的趋势。它一次性投资少、采油效率高、能耗低、结构简单，作业、安装、维修方便，所以螺杆泵在采油生产中将会成为一种普遍采用的机械采油装置。随着应用技术的日益完善，螺杆泵采油技术的配套发展有着广阔的应用前景。 螺杆泵由两大部分组成：一、地面驱动装置，它可直接连接于井口大四通法兰面上，主要由电动机、三角带、齿轮组、防倒转装置、光杆卡子、抽油杆盘根盒等组成；二、单螺杆抽油泵：它主要由定子、转子、限位接头等组成。定子是优质钢壳体内注压橡胶而成，橡胶套内为双线或多线螺旋表面；转子为高强度钢加工而成的单头或多头螺旋表面，经度硬铬后与定子橡胶内表面啮合，形成密封腔。定子随油管下井并锚定，转子上接抽油杆。 面对螺杆泵应用数量的逐步增加，有关螺杆泵采油的科学研究也不断深入，但螺杆泵应用的时间相对其他的采油设备比较短，以前的研究大多处于使其能够正常工作的阶段，而且内容大多是制造技术，配套技术，根据井况数据正确选择螺杆泵的排量等，随着研究的不断深入和螺杆泵使用过程中逐步暴露出的一些问题，要求对使用和管理以及设计制造中的一些与现场密切相关的深层次问题进一步研究，要研究如何使螺杆泵科学，合理更有效率的工作，既有较高的技术含量，又有较好的经济效益，是螺杆泵采油实践过程中不断所求的目标。 近年来，随着油田使用螺杆泵数量的增加和螺杆泵工作周期的延长，螺杆泵采油系统的振动问题也日益突出，本课题选择螺杆泵地面驱动装置为研究对象，对其进行动态研究。通过编程实现了螺杆泵地面采油装置的有限元网格自动生成，同时也编制了有限元法程序求解螺杆泵采油地面装置的固有特性；在试验中，对螺杆泵采油地面装置进行了振动测试与分析，找到了螺杆泵驱动头转子的可能故障原因。更多还原

【Abstract】 Surface Driven Single Screw Rod Pump (here in after referred to as Screw Pump)is a new model production equipment. In recent years, it has been widely applied in many domestic oilfields, and has brought into an important role in oilfield development. It is produced in series system, being used not only for development of lower viscosity crude and also for development of crude oil of high viscosity, high pour point, high wax content, high sand content and high gas content as well. It has a superiority which is not replaced by other rod pumps. It has the advantages of less investment, higher productivity, lower energy consumption, simple structure and convenient operation, installation and repair. So screw pump shall become a widely used mechanical production equipment in oil production. With improvement of applied technology, the development of complete screw pump technology in oil production will bring wider application.Screw Pump consists of two main parts: (1) Surface Drive Device : It may be directly connected with the four way flange on wellhead. It is mainly composed of motor, triangle belt, gears, anti reverse devise, polished rod clamp and packing box of sucker rod etc. (2) Single Screw rod Pump: It is mainly composed of stator, rotor and limit connector etc. Stator is made of high quality pipe by squeezing rubber, there forms double or muoti lines spiral face in the rubber sleeve. Rotor is made of high strength steel, with single or multi ends spiral face. It is chrome-plated and matched with the inside surface of stator to form a seal cavity. Stator is fixed with tubing trip-in, and rotor is connected on the top with the sucher rod .with the increasing of the applied quantity, the study of the screw pump is also deeping, but the applied time of the screw pump is shorter than the other oil recovery equipment and the most of prevenient study is to make the screw pump work in normal state. Furthermore , the most content of study is the technology of manufacture or the choice of the screw pump displacement.The problem is emerging in the employ processing of the screw pump.Therefore, the problems that are found in use and management and which are pertinent to the operating position should be studied furthermore. Study how to make the screw pump work reasonal and efficient. The more technology content and the more economic effect is the aim of the screw pump in oil production.The late years, with the increasing of the applied quantity and the stretching of the work cycle, the vibration of the screw pump oil recovery system become the more serious problem. The surface drive device become the studied object. The finite element grid automation formation of the screw pump surface drive device realize through programming and the intrinsic characteristics of the screw pump surface drive device are attained. The vibration testing and analysis is made for the screw pump surface drive device and the likely cause of the screw pump surface drive rotor troble is found.更多还原