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有载调容变压器的理论研究及应用

Theory Study and Application of Ragulating Capacity of Transformer on Load

【作者】 刘伟

【导师】 段玉波;

【作者基本信息】 大庆石油学院 , 电力电子与电力传动, 2002, 硕士

【摘要】 本论文是针对配电变压器所带的抽油机负载,在起动时负载转矩最大,配电变压器输出最大功率,起动一段时间后,负载转矩逐渐变小,配电变压器输出功率也大大减少。因此为满足抽油机起动的要求,配电变压器留有较大的容量裕度。使得变压器长期处于负载率偏低的工作状态,从而造成了变压器容量的浪费及有功和无功功率的损耗,降低了变压器的效率,增加了网损。为降低给抽油机供电的配电变压器的损耗,就有必要采用一种在抽油机起动时具有大的容量,在抽油机正常运行时具有小的容量,能够进行容量调节的调容变压器。 本项目所研究的有载调容变压器的原理是,利用变压器容量与损耗之间的关系,变压器损耗与运行成本之间的关系,从“路”的角度出发,运用等效正弦波将时域的等效磁路法与频域的等效电路法相结合,形成的时域—频域法应用于变压器特性的研究,推导出有载调容变压器的电路模型和磁路模型。通过改变高、低压绕组的联结方式降低铁损,通过增大绕组线径降低铜损,提高变压器的抗过载能力,通过增加绕组匝数以维持铁损不变。利用十年变电成本确定铁心直径D。本文提出利用PLC实现调容变压器高低容量之间的有载自动切换的控制,保证变压器输出电压的稳定。通过实际应用对比,得出此有载调容变压器既可满足抽油机的运行特性,又可实现有载调容节能降耗的结论。

【Abstract】 This paper puts forward a kind of distribution transformer which supplys the biggest power capacity while oil pump is starting to move and which supplys smaller power with oil pump moving smoothly.Because oil pump have the biggest load torque when it’s starting to move and have smaller load torque when it moves smoothly so that make distribution transformer work in a state of "transformer’s lower load-carrying" and result in that power waste and active power and reactive power lose and decrease transformer efficiency and increase electrical net loss.Development the transformer’s principle is that according to the relationship between transformer’s power and loss and between loss and cost use time domain method and frequency domain method to caculate transformer’s circuit model and magnetic circuit model proving by simulation and test.Through applying practically make a conclusion that regulating power capacity transformer can supply oil pump power from start to movement and save energy.

  • 【分类号】TM401
  • 【被引频次】1
  • 【下载频次】972
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