叉车电机性能微机测试系统的研究与应用

【作者】 胡志明；

【导师】 谭青；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 随着社会生产的日益工业化及人民生活质量的提高，人们越来越重视节能与环保问题。由于电动车辆(包括叉车)具有运行噪音低、无污染、节约能源、运行费用低、维护方便等特点，逐步受到市场的青睐。 结合横向科研项目“叉车电机综合性能微机测试系统”，本文开展了以下研究： 1、对叉车电机工作原理进行了分析，掌握了叉车电机实际运行的规律。 2、系统实现了工控机与可编程控制器的相互通信，实现了工控机对大功率电源及负载的动态调节，使控制性能达到较高的水平。并在现场调试中，注重系统的电磁兼容性、软硬件抗干扰、模糊PID参数整定等方面工作，达到了系统设计的各项指标。 3、软件主界面设计友好，人机交互能力强。主菜单包括“性能测试”、“参数设置”、“系数校对”、“数据查询”及“系统帮助”五个功能模块，能实现系统要求的各项功能。 从科研与创新的角度来看，本论文在以下方面具有一定的特色： 1、提出了大小力矩分工位测试的方法，使负载位置根据计算机发出的位置命令自动切换，并保证自动啮合定位，从而适应多品种的测试。 2、在传感器精度的校对上，引入了分段线性回归校对的方法，使传感器的非线性得到补偿，提高了传感器的实用精度。 3、在电源的设计调试中，采用了多波、变压器分级抽头、T形RC滤波，较好地解决了电源纹波问题。 4、为了适应多品种测试，提高系统的鲁棒性，在常规数字PID的基础上引入了模糊PID的控制，使控制性能得以提高，也使得控制领域学科前沿的理论与方法在叉车电机的控制中得到验证与应用。 本课题源于生产实际而又应用于生产实际，经过约十个月的研究工作，完成了项目的全部内容并通过用户验收，项目研制的“叉车电机性能微机测试系统”可代替国外同类产品，耗资却远低于引进设备，因而在国内具有一定的推广价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the industrialization of social production and the improvement of people’s quality of life, more and more attention is paid to energy economizing and environmental protection. Because of their features of no pollution, low noises and operating cost, energy economizing and convenience of maintenance, the electrically driven vehicles (including forklift) gradually win the favor of the market.Combined with the research project named "the computer test system of forklift electrical machinery’s comprehensive performance", this thesis researches on the following subjects:1. The operating principle of the forklift electrical machinery is analyzed, and the laws of its practical operation are mastered.2. Communication of the Industrial Control Computer (IPC) and the Programmable Logical Controller (PLC) is realized. Dynamic modulation of the IPC to large power supply and load is realized and the control performance has reached a high level. Moreover, in the process of adjusting, the electromagnetic compatibility of the system* the anti-jamming of the hardware and software and the parameter calibration of the Fuzzy PID Controller are paid attention to. Various targets of the system designed have been reached.3.The software possesses of friendly interface and strong ability of human-computer interaction. The main menu includes five functional modules: "performance testing", "parameter setting", "coefficient proofreading", "data inquiring" and "system help", which can complete various tasks.From the viewpoint of research and innovation, this thesis has the following characteristics:l.A new method梩est different moments in different positions is proposed. The position of the load is switched automatically according to the order released by computer, and the automatic orientation is ensured, so this system is suitable for testing of various breeds.2.The sectionalized linear regression method is introduced for the precision proofreading of sensor, which makes up for sensor’s nonlinearity and promotes its practical precision.3.1n the process of designing and debugging the supply, multi-wave and T-wave RC filters are used to solve its problems of ripple well.4.In order to suit various breeds and promote the robustness of the system, the Fuzzy PID control is introduced based on common digital PID. This can not only improve the control performance, but also make the theories and methods in the front line of control science be validated and applied in the control of forklift electrical machinery.This project roots in practice and is also applied to practice. With ten-month research, all the tasks of the project are completed and accepted by the user. "The computer test system of forkliftelectrical machinery’s comprehensive performance" can substitute foreign products of the same kind, and its costs are much lower than foreign equipment. Therefore, it has spreading value in domestic market.更多还原