环境监测信息系统开发和应用的研究

【作者】 吴意跃；

【导师】 何云峰； 陈英旭；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 环境工程， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 环境监测信息系统的建设是一项庞大而复杂系统工程，对环境监测科学、各类管理技术、信息系统建设工程和人员培训等方面的要求都很高。国内限于条件，绝大部分环境监测站缺乏在这一领域的全方面研究和探索。 本文通过对典型监测站业务范围和流程、监测数据生成、监测结果利用以及环境监测、环境管理工作对信息系统需求的分析，提出了当前和今后一段时间内我国基层环境监测信息系统软硬件的规划原则、建设方法，强调了监测数据管理及其综合应用的重要性，认为信息系统应以此为核心展开开发和应用工作。 本文认为从形式上来说环境监测信息系统应该是一个基于开放式平台的网络型计算机信息系统，所有与环境监测业务、监测管理工作相关的各个方面应该有机地集合在一起；从系统规划、建设、运行各阶段的实践上来说它是信息、技术、人员和资金设备的有机结合体，这其中特别需要注重人的因素所发挥的主导作用。 本文以典型的市级环境监测信息系统的规划与建设为例介绍了系统开发的主要内容和特点。论证了系统建设的可行性、现实性和必要性，并且通过评价该系统建设的得失指出了我国环境信息化建设中所存在的主要问题及应对措施。 希望本文的内容能对当前和今后一段时间内全国各级环境监测部门及相应环境管理部门的信息化建设提供有益的技术指导参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Environmental Monitoring Information System (EMIS) is a complicated and systematic project. It demands high technology as well as specially trained personnel. At present, no environmental monitoring station in our country has begun to make deep research on EMIS for different reasons.This essay analyzes comprehensively what and how a typical station gets its work done and comes to the conclusion that physically should EMIS be an information management system through a computer network based on an open platform, which should be considered correspondingly with the monitoring business and management.Concerning the design, construction and application, EMIS is a good combination of information, technology, personnel, equipment and funds. And we must pay special attention to critical role that each person plays. For the purpose and foundation of the system, the management and general use of monitoring data is the most important work for us to do.This essay has proofed the feasibility of EMIS with a typical civic one as an example, provides the basic planning principles and designing methods of its software and hardware and makes an introduction of characteristics and the main items that should be developed. Finally, while the author points out the main problems that are facing us by analyzing the gain and loss in the construction of EMIS, he offers the suggestions to solve them.This essay is hoped to give you some reference and help in the daily environmental monitor and management. Advises and criticism will be highly appreciated.更多还原