【作者】 袁新宇；

【导师】 祝和云；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 模型预测控制(MPC)是近三十年来飞速发展、取得了广泛应用的一种控制方法。它的当前控制作用是在每一个采样瞬间通过求解一个有限时域开环最优控制问题而获得。过程的当前状态作为最优控制问题的初始状态，解得的最优控制序列只实施第一个控制作用。这种控制方法的一个重要优点是它能够处理操作变量和状态的约束。模型预测控制已经被广泛地应用于石油化工及其相关工业。在这些工业过程中，满足约束是非常重要的。因为经济效益要求控制作用和状态接近其所允许的边界。 本文的主要内容包括： 1．系统地回顾了模型预测控制的发展历史，并对具有代表性的几种模型预测控制方法进行了简要的介绍和分析。 2．提出了模型预测控制的本质特点是其独有的实施方式。对传统的模型预测控制的三个特点说(预测模型、滚动优化、反馈校正)进行了分析和超越。 3．利用Lyapunov方法给出了模型预测控制闭环稳定性的4个基本条件。 4．简要分析了模型预测控制的鲁棒性和可行性。 5．对几个典型的控制系统进行了模型预测控制的仿真研究。一个是锅炉系统的汽包水位控制，这是一个不稳定的非最小相位系统。一个是三槽液位系统，这是一个不稳定的非线性系统。更多还原

【Abstract】 Model predictive control is a form of control that developed rapidly and gained extensive application in recent years. Its current control action is obtained by solving, at each sampling instant, a finite horizon open-loop optimal control problem, using the current state of the plant as initial state; the optimization yields an optimal control sequence and the first control in this sequence is applied to the plant. An important advantage of this type of control is its ability to cope with hard constraints on controls and states. It has, therefore, been widely applied in petro-chemical and related industries where satisfaction of constrains is particularly important because efficiency demands operating points on or close to the boundary of the set of admissible states and controls. The main contents of this thesis are stated as follows: I. It completely reviewed the development of model predictive control and introduced and analyzed the main types of model predictive control in the literature. 2. It pointed out that the main characteristic of the MIPC is its implementation. It analyzed and overrided the traditional doctrine of the three characteristics of the MIPC(model for prediction, receding horizon optimization, feedback). 3. It obtained the four axioms of the close loop stability of the MPG by using the Lyapunov method. 4. It concisely analyzed the robustness and feasibility of the MIPC. 5. It emulated some classical plant with the model predictive control. One is the level control of the boiler system, which is a unstable non-minimum phase system; the other is a three-tank system, which is a unstable non-linear system.更多还原