【作者】 张伟；

【导师】 梁冰；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 应用化学， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 本文选用家兔20只，雌雄对半，随机分为5组，每组4只。Ⅰ组为阴性对照组，Ⅱ组为阳性对照组，Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组为喂饲大蒜油组。阳性对照组和喂饲大蒜油组以1.57mg/kg的剂量隔日腹注Pb(Ac)，溶液20天，同时喂饲大蒜油组每天分别喂饲70mg/kg，140mg/kg，420mg/kg的大蒜油，连续观察40天。从实验开始每5天收集各组家兔的尿、粪，实验结束后用原子吸收法测定微波消解处理过的尿、粪、脑、肝、肾、骨和血液中的铅及锌、铁、铜含量。阳性对照组的尿、粪及各组织器官中铅含量和血铅浓度明显高于阴性对照组。喂饲大蒜油各组的尿、粪排铅量明显高于阳性对照组，粪排铅量远大于尿排部铅量，且排铅量随大蒜油剂量的增大而增大；这三组的血铅浓度则在正常水平附近甚至更低，其各组织器官中的铅含量明显低于阳性对照组，而且各组织器官中的铅含量随大蒜油剂量的增大而减少。阳性对照组的尿锌、铁、铜含量明显高于阴性对照组和喂饲大蒜油各组，而喂饲大蒜油组的尿中微量元素锌、铁、铜含量与阴性对照组无显著性差异，且随大蒜油剂量的增大而减少。与阴性对照组相比，染毒使阳性对照组的血锌、铁浓度降低，血铜浓度升高；喂饲大蒜油的Ⅳ-Ⅴ组血锌、铁、铜浓度则与阴性对照组无显著性差异，血中锌、铁浓度明显高于阳性对照组，血铜浓度比阳性对照组低。阳性对照组器官中的锌、铁、铜含量明显低于阴性对照组；除肝铁外，喂饲大蒜油组的脑、肝、肾器官中锌、铁、铜含量均高于阴性对照组，其含量随大蒜油剂量的增大而增大。Ⅱ-Ⅴ组 四川大学顷十学位论文——各组织器官中的锌、铁、铜含量与对应各组的器官铅含量呈负相关：血中锌、铁浓度与血铅浓度呈负相关，血铜浓度与血铅浓度呈正相关。本实验首次表明大蒜油对草食类家兔有降低其体内铅蓄积量，促进铅排泄的驱铅解毒作用，特别是对脑组织的保护作用最大而且在大蒜油解铅毒的同时没有传统驱铅剂那种络合副作用，不会造成微量元素的损失。同时发现微量元素铜、锌、铁与铅之间存在桔抗作用，为研究大蒜及其产品驱铅解毒的作用机理提供了有用信息和新的动物模型。更多还原

【Abstract】 20 rabbits were divided into I - V five groups (4 rabbits per group) randomly, the I group was fed normally as negative control group; the II group as positive group. The II-V four groups were injected lead acetate solution into their abdomen at a dosage of 1.57mg/kg every 48 hours for 20 days. Simultaneously, except the II group, the IIL iV N V three groups were fed every day with garlic oil at a dosage of 70mg/kg, 140mg/kg and 420mg/kg respectively, continuously observing for 40 days. Urine and feces of each group rabbits were collected ever}’ 4 days. The content or concentration lead. Zinc, Ferrum and Copper in urine, feces, organs, tissue and blood of five groups rabbits was determined by AAS after the 40 days. The result showed that the lead content in urine, feces. brain, liver, kidney, bone and lead concentration in blood of the II group rabbits were significantly higher than that of the I group; the lead content in mine and feces of the III- Y groups was significantly higher than that of the II group, lead content in feces was higher than that in urine, and the more dosage of garlic oil . the more lead excretion of III-V groups: lead content in organs and tissue of the III- V group rabbits was significantly lower than that of the II group; lead concentration in blood of the III- V groups retained the level of the I group, and3the more dosage of garlic oil , the lower that of III-V groups. The content of Zinc, Ferrum and Copper in urine of the II group was significantly higher than that of the I and III- V group rabbits; the content of Zinc, Ferrum and Copper in urine of the III- V groups rabbits had no significant difference compared with that of the I group, and the more dosage garlic oil, the lower that of III-V groups. Compared with the I group, the concentration of Zinc, Ferrum in blood of the II group rabbits failed, and the Copper concentration in blood of the II group raised. The concentration of Zinc, Ferrum, Copper in blood of the IV-V groups had no significant difference compared with that of the I group; the concentration of Zinc and Ferrum in blood of the III-V groups was higher than that of the II group, the concentration of Copper in blood was lower than that of the II group. The content of Zinc, Ferrum, Copper in organs of the II group was significantly lower than that of the I group; except the content of Ferrum in liver ,the content of Zinc, Ferrum, Copper in organs of the III- V groups was higher than that of the I group, and the more dosage garlic oil, the more that of III-V groups. The Zinc, Ferrum and Copper contents in organs and Zinc, Ferrum concentration in blood of II - V groups was negatively related with lead contents or concentration of the corresponding groups, and Copper concentration in blood of II - V groups was positively related with lead concentration in blood of the corresponding groups. The experiment indicated firstly that the garlic oil could advance the excretion of the lead and reduce the lead accumulation level in tissue and organs of rabbits, especially protecting brain from poisoning. Garlic oil had no significant side effect compared with the traditional antidote of lead poisoning, and not lack of trace elements as Zinc, Ferrum and Copper, etc. Simultaneously, it was found that the content of Zinc, Ferrum and copper had oppositional effect on lead content. The study gave some valuable information for study of active substances and mechanism of detoxification on lead poisoning of garlic or its products and new animal model.更多还原