【作者】 阎利；

【导师】 王绍东； 黄承亚；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 材料学， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 有机玻璃应用于某些场合时对冲击韧性有较高要求，需要对其进行增韧改性以满足工程需要。有机玻璃增韧改性的途径主要有：(1)与合适的单体共聚增韧；(2)掺入第二相粒子共混增韧；(3)采用互穿聚合物网络结构(IPN)增韧；(4)采用定向拉伸工艺增韧；以及(5)纤维增强增韧等。本论文系统总结了有机玻璃增韧的主要途径，全面考察有机玻璃各项性能及其影响因素，分别将市售ACR改性剂和通过多种聚合方法合成的聚丙烯酸丁酯(PBA)通过适当途径混掺入MMA单体，然后引发聚合从而制得增韧改性的有机玻璃。测定了改性后有机玻璃的各项性能，并分析了其增韧改性机理。 研究表明：(1)ACR改性剂在较低的掺量范围内对有机玻璃有一定的增韧效果，掺量在约0.15wt%时，获得最高的冲击强度值(12.23kJ／m~2)，但超过该掺量后，冲击强度随掺量增加而下降。有机玻璃的拉伸强度随掺量增加而降低。掺入ACR改性剂会使有机玻璃的透光率下降、雾度增加。(2)各种聚合方法合成的PBA橡胶粒子在较低的掺量范围内对有机玻璃都有较好的增韧效果，其中以本体聚合方法合成的橡胶粒子增韧效果最好，掺量在1%时冲击强度达到16.60 kJ／m~2，提高幅度达50％以上。(3)采用透射电子显微镜(TEM)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察了PBA橡胶粒子和由PBA橡胶粒子改性的有机玻璃的断面形貌。经分析后认为，PBA橡胶粒子分散在PMMA连续相中的簇状结构是有机玻璃增韧改性的主要原因。更多还原

【Abstract】 Toughening modification needs to be applied to cast PMMA sheets (organic glass) to satisfy special engineering requirements. In this thesis these toughening methods are systemically reviewed, which include: (1) co-polymerization with appropriate monomers; (2) blending with second-phase particles; (3) Inter-penetrating Polymer Networks structure (IPN); (4) bi-oriented extension process; and (5) fiber reinforcement technology. After studying the PMMA performances and the factors affected, the author investigated the following experiments: within MMA monomer, mixing commercial ACR impact-modifier and poly- (butyl actylate) rubber particles (PBA particles) synthesized from various polymerization methods, then initialized and polymerized with a special process to produce organic glass sheets~ The properties of sueh toughening modified PMMA sheets re tested and the toughening mechanism were deeply discussed based on TEM, SEM, ON: and UV-Vis system data. Study shows that (1) Blending with ACR impact-modifier is effective to improve the toughness of PMMA, with the highest impact strength of 12.23 kihn2 at 0. 15wt0/o content The impact lue will then decrease when surpassing this ACR content But the tensile strength and optical properties of the toughening modified PMMA may get a little mined. (2) By emulsion polymerization, solution polymerization, bulk polymerization and self- polymerization methods, the PBA paiticles are synthesized and blended into PMMA to achieve a significant increase of impact strength, among which the bulk polymerization PBA particles are the best The bulk PBA modified PMMA sheet shows an impact value of 16.60 kJ/m2, which is 500/0 higher than the original sheets, at lwt0/o. (3) By observing and analyzing ThM and SEM images of PBA particles and the fracture surface of PBA impact modified PMMA, the author holds that the cluster-structure of PBA dispersed in the PMMA matrix be the cause of toughening modification.更多还原