小麦株高基因的分子标记

【作者】 孙希平；

【导师】 李润植；

【作者基本信息】 山西农业大学 ， 作物遗传育种， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 小麦抗旱性遗传改良是小麦生产上的一个重要研究课题。小麦抗旱性涉及到形态、生理、生化及遗传等多方面的因素，是一个复杂的数量性状。而株高是与抗旱性及籽粒产量密切相关的重要性状。 本研究选用生产上推广的高秆（100cm以上）抗旱品种晋麦5号（不含矮秆基因）与半矮秆（70cm左右）水敏感品种鲁麦14（含矮秆基因Rht）为亲本进行杂交，对其杂交F₁代进行花药离体培养，得到的再生植株经秋水仙素处理获得的加倍单倍体（DH）群体。以该群体为作图群体，借助于苗期赤霉酸敏感性鉴定、成株期株高分析，用SSR（简单序列重复）技术对矮秆基因进行分子标记作图。 结果表明，鲁麦14携带一个矮秆基因，在苗期和成株期均表现为显性遗传。共用98对引物进行扩增和筛选，其中43对在亲本间扩增出多态性片断，9对在DH群体的高矮DNA池间显示出多态性。分子作图表明该矮秆基因Rht位于小麦染色体4BS上。获得3个与该基因连锁的SSR标记，其中WMS368离Rht基因位置最近，图距为15.3cM，另两个SSR标记为WMS495（图距为18.1cM）和WMS513（图距为26.9cM），它们在分子连锁图谱上的顺序为WMS368-Rht-WMS513-WMS495。该基因的定位及其分子标记的获得丰富了该连锁群的遗传图谱，为进一步深入研究该基因对小麦抗旱性的籽粒产量影响和小麦辅助标记育种提供了有用信息。更多还原

【Abstract】 Wheat genetic improvement on drought resistance is an imporant project in wheat producion. Wheat drought resistance is a complicated quantitative trait which involves morphological, physiological biological and hereditory elements, etc. It is found that wheat height is an important trait closely relevant to drought resistance and seeds production. In this study, molecular mapping of the GA insensitive gene Rht3 is carried using the DH population of Jinmai 5 and Lumai 14 (caning Rht gene). The results are as follows: Lumai 14 carried a gene Rht3. It behaved as a dominant trait at seedlings and adult stages. Molecular mapping indicated that this gene was located on the chromosome 4B. Using 98 primers to amplify and screen the population, of them 43 primers have been found to be polymorphismic between the parents. However, 9 primers can amplified the polymorphism between the DNA pool of plant height. Our results showed that Bulked Segregant Analysis and rnicrosatellite primer screening of DH population identified three chromosome 4B microsatellite markers, WMS368, WMS495 and WMS5 13, only WMS368 closely linked to Rh13. The linkage distance between WMS368 and Rht3 was 15.3cM, WMS5 13, WMS495 and Rht3 was 18.1cM, 26.9cM respectively. The location of Rht3 gene and the acquisition of the molecular markers enriched the genetic map of this linked group. They also provided valuable information for our further research on the effects of this gene on wheat drought resistance and seeds production, and for marker-assistant wheat breeding.更多还原