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Web分布式数据库系统研究与实现

Study and Implementation of Web Distributed Database System

【作者】 彭清涛

【导师】 朱绍文;

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 , 电路与系统, 2001, 硕士

【摘要】 在分布式数据库系统环境下,信息可能存储在异构的、地理位置分散的数据库中。如何在全局逻辑上检索、更新分布在分布式数据库中的数据,是分布式数据库技术要着力解决的问题。分布式数据库技术是数据库技术和计算机网络技术的结合,它除了具有集中式数据库所具有的特点外,还具有它自己独有的特点:它不但要考虑局部场地的自治,而且要着力解决全局数据库的逻辑整体性;它除了具有集中式数据库所具有数据逻辑独立性和物理独立性外,还具有数据的分布独立性,这包括三个层次,从高到低依次是:分片透明性、分配透明性、局部场地数据模型的透明性,另外,在查询处理、事务管理、并发控制、数据的完整性与安全性等方面,分布式数据库系统比集中式数据库系统具有更复杂更丰富的内容。 本文首先简单介绍集中式数据库的一些知识,然后主要介绍了分布式数据库的一些技术,包括分布式数据库系统的体系结构、数据分片及分配、分布式查询处理、分布式事务管理、分布式并发控制、分布式数据库的完整性与安全性和分布式数据库系统设计。最后给出了一个分布式数据库系统应用的具体实例。 这个具体实例是有关一个总公司下属的各个分公司将本公司数据库中的数据传到总公司的数据库服务器上,以便于总公司的经理对各分公司的生产和经营进行分析和评价,并进而为做出全局决策提供信息。为了达到这个目标,各分公司与总公司的数据库管理系统是必不可少的,另外,还必须借助局域网或广域网在总公司与各分公司间传输数据。数据传输是利用PowerBuilder的数据管道实现的。应用中还给出了分布式系统的安全性的具体实现、分布数据管理以及分布数据的透明查询。分布数据管理体现了各个场地的数据独立性、全局数据库逻辑整体性和局部数据与全局数据通过数据传输相互关联。数据传输的安全通过使用安全协议和建立虚拟专用网来实现。与此类似的应用系统,通常采用客户/服务器二层结构,本应用系统采用三层结构实现,扩展了系统的应用范围。在各个分公司场地上,不但可以向总公司的数据库传输数据,而且可以在各个分公司场地间实现数据透卜U霎弓爿 故十堂1六井寸IS章因/门”人上 卞卜人〔人丫’。。一Y v乃乃RS 工旺SIS 明查询。在这个应用系统中,各个分公司场地上数据的透明 查询,都将总公司做为一个应用服务器。 分布数据的透明查询的具体实现是:首先,某一个分公 司给出需要查询的数据,通过该分公司与总公司事先定义的 连接,在总公司的数据库中进行查找,如果没有找到,在总: 公司场地上,分门别类地到相应的分公司的数据库中查找,-乎 如果找到,就将查找结果返回给请求查找的场地,如果没找 卜“ 到,则将没有找到信息返回给请求查找的场地。 在总公司场地上不但可以接收各个分公司场地上传来 的数据,而且能以Web技术发布到WTERNET网上。

【Abstract】 ~I3 S Th~c~T? Information might be stored in heterogeneous location-distributed databases in distributed database system environments. How to select and renew data distributed in distributed database system in global logic is problems which distributed database technologies mainly solve, distributed database technologies are combined with database technologies and computer network technologies. Besides the characters of central database, it has its own specialities:It not only thinks of the autonomy of local node,but focuses on solving the logical integrity of global database; Except that it possesses logical independency and physical independency that central database has,it has data distribution independency that includes three layers of meanings which, from the top to the bottom,in turn are :slicing transparency allocation transparency data type transparency on local node . In addition, in query conduct ?. transaction management concurrence control . data integrity and security and so on , distributed database system has more complex and richer content. The dissertation simply introduces some knowledge of central database at first, then mainly introduces some knowledge of distributed database including the system structure of distributed database system data slicing and data allocation ... distributed query conduct .. distributed transaction management distributed concurrence control .. distributed database integrity and security and distributed database system development, At last give a tangible application example of distributed database system. The example is that each sub-company in a general company transfer the data in its own database into the database server of the general company so that the general manager anaiyses and ~III~v~ evalutes the prodctiofl and management of each sub-company through which the manager makes general decisions. To realize this target , databases of each sub-company and the general company are indispensible, in addition, data must be transferred between each sub-company and the general company through the local area network or wide area network. Data transfer is realized by PowerBuilder?Pipeline. In application programme, also give tangible realization of security of the distributed system and the management of distributed data and the transparent query of distributed data. The management of distributed data incarnates local data抯 independence global data抯 integrity and the relation of local data and global data through data transfer. Through the security protocol, the security of data transfer can be ensured.ApplicatiOfl systems similar to the application system usually adopt two layer structure of clientlserver.The application system adopt three layer structure,which extends application scope of the application system. .On every sub-company node, not only transfer data into the database of the general company ,but also among sub-company node realize the transparent query of distributed data . In this implication system, the transparent query of distributed data on every sub-company node all regards the general company node as implication server. The real realization of the transparent query of distributed r

  • 【分类号】TP311.135
  • 【被引频次】15
  • 【下载频次】711
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