【作者】 于大炮；

【导师】 刘明国； 陆秀君；

【作者基本信息】 沈阳农业大学 ， 森林培育， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 本文通过对辽西地区现有水土保持林的大量调查研究，采用了过程分割森林水文生态作用的研究方法，将森林水文作用过程分割为林冠截留、枯落物持水、林地土壤蓄水和抗蚀功能几个大过程进行了深入分析。同时，进行了土壤改良和经济效益的研究。 本文首先对森林的垂直截留进行了分析，提出了地表覆盖度是影响截留量和截留率的重要因素；并对林地的枯落物水文生态功能进行了分析，提出了厚度达到2cm以上就可以有效防止径流，抑制土壤水分蒸发和防止溅蚀。 利用主成分分析法对辽西地区各森林类型的土壤抗蚀性和土壤改良效益进行了分析，把影响土壤抗蚀性的9个指标分为3大类，对不同坡向、坡度、坡位以及不同森林类型的土壤抗蚀性进行了研究；把土壤改良的6个指标分为2大类系统地分析了不同森林类型的改土效益。利用Fisher多级判别分析法用地表覆盖度、枯落物厚度、土壤抗蚀性、非毛管孔隙度和坡度5个指标进行生态效益综合评价。 最后通过对辽西地区不同森林类型的生态效益、经济效益、土壤改良效益的综合分析，提出了不同立地条件下的水土保持林典型造林模式。更多还原

【Abstract】 This article separates forest hydrology function process into canopy interception, moisture resistance of litter, soil moisture content and soil anti-erosibility by the method of process-cut forest hydrology ecological affection based on lots of investigation on present water and soil conservation forest in Western Liaoning Province. At the same time, the research on soil improvement and economic benefit is done. First, the forest vertical interception is analyzed in the article. Result shows that surface cover degree is important factor to canopy intercepted rainfall and interception rate. Through analyzing litter hydrology ecological function in forest fields. The opinion is proved that 2cm and above is the thickness, which can effectively prevent surface runoff, restrain soil water evaporation and canopy splash erosion. Second, soil anti-erosibility and soil improvement benefit of forest in Western Liaoning province is analyzed by PeA, then 9 indexes of soil anti-erosibility are divided into 3 parts. Soil anti-erosibility in different exposition, slope gradient, slope position is researched and 6 indexes of soil improvement are separated into 2 parts. Then systemically analyze benefit of different stand types. The ecological benefit is comprehensively evaluated by Fisher determination analysis in 5 indexes of surface cover degree, thickness of litter, soil anti-erosibility, non-capillary porosity and slope gradient. Finally, the typical afforestation model of water and soil conservation forest in different site condition is brought up by comprehensively analyzing ecological benefit, economic benefit and soil improvement benefit of different stand types in Western Liaoning province.更多还原