离心泵内部流场PIV实验研究

【作者】 杨华；

【导师】 刘超；

【作者基本信息】 扬州大学 ， 水利水电工程， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 本文是国家自然科学基金委资助项目“水泵转轮内流场激光测量研究”（No.59949010）的一部分。经过近十年的发展，PIV技术已获得了人们的普遍认可，它的应用范围越来越广泛，并已成为一种研究流场的基本测试手段。 本文首次建立了一套2.2kW的清水透明离心泵试验装置。转轮采用速度系数法设计，转轮外径180mm，共有5张单圆弧圆柱形叶片，其出口安放角、进口安放角分别为32.3°、39.5°。蜗壳采用等速度矩法设计，其内断面为矩形。本试验装置设计新颖，结构独特。既能进行水泵性能试验，又满足PIV的测试要求。 本文在转速为1200r/min工况下，进行了水泵的外特性试验，获得了水泵的性能曲线。 本文首次采用PIV测试技术，对离心泵在1.5、1.0、0.4倍最优工况下分别进行叶轮内部流场实验研究。测试窗口取在三个不同的叶槽中，每个叶槽沿轴向测试三个断面。测得转轮内部的绝对速度矢量后，按速度三角形原理进行分解，得到了绝对速度切向分量、相对速度及相对速度切向分量在转轮内的分布，分析了转轮内部流场的分布规律，并与前人的测试和计算结果进行了比较。更多还原

【Abstract】 The dissertation is a part of the study on PTV measurements of the flow fields inside the pump impeller sponsored by the State Nature Science Fund of China. In recent decade years, with the development of the PlY, the applied domain of it is becoming broader and broader. Now the PlY is accepted and regarded as the fundamcntality measurements for the flow fields by the people. The author set up a test rig for the transparent centrifugal pump driven by the 2.2kW electronic motor. The method of velocity coefficient was used to design a 180mm diameter impeller with five single-arc-cylinder blades. The exit angle and outlet angle of the segment are 32.3 and 39.5 in degrees respectively. The volute抯 cross-section is the rectangle .Thc inlet of the pump and the axis is in the same side. Although the structure of the pump is different from the normal one, the performance of the pump can be measured and the internal flow fields in the volute and impellers can be investigated by using PlY easily. This paper acquired the performance curve when pump operating at the speed of 1200 rpm. Ply was firstly applied to the measurements of the flow fields of the shrouldcd impeller in a centrifugal pump. During the measuring, three operation points of the pump were taken. The ratios (Q/Q) of the flow rate are 1.5. 1.0~. 0.4 respectively. Three blade-to-blade passages and the three cross-section along the axial direction at each of the passages were selected for measurements. The absolute velocity was decomposed .Based on the law of velocity triangle , the figure of the absolute velocity, the absolute tangential velocity, the relative velocity and the relative tangential velocity were presented in this paper. The measurements flow fields are compared with the existing one from the experiments and numerical computation.更多还原