基因技术的社会伦理问题研究

【作者】 刘子实；

【导师】 姜海亭；

【作者基本信息】 西安建筑科技大学 ， 科学技术哲学， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 基因技术是21世纪最尖端的技术之一。“人类基因组计划”（HGP）与“曼哈顿”原子弹计划、“阿波罗”登月计划一起，被并称为现代自然科学史“三大”计划。随着基因组排序的日渐完成，又有“克隆人”的巨大冲击，基因技术的社会伦理问题成了一个热门话题，基因伦理学也成了科技伦理学分支中的一个最热门、最前沿的学科之一。 面对快速发展的生命科技，克隆人、基因决定一切、基因买卖、基因隐私等问题凸现在人们面前，社会一片恐慌，报章杂志沸沸扬扬，讨论会、座谈会不断举行，好像世界末日要来临。本文认为，不必过于恐慌，要正确估计人类的伦理智慧，应当通过研究活动，带动大家广泛开展科普工作，以此引起全社会的关注和思考，使大家都能正确认识基因技术，形成比较科学、合情的基因技术伦理规范，推动科技健康发展和社会文明进步，使科技和伦理达到同发展、共进步的目的。 本论文根据应用伦理学的研究方法，结合生命科技的基本观点以及生命伦理学已有的知情自主、公正无害、行善有利等基本原则，分析了基因技术所带来的伦理挑战，初步探索和建立了关于基因技术的基本伦理规范和原则。主要内容是：坚持基本的不伤害、有利、知情、尊重、公正原则；向科学家、科学共同体提出系统的道德要求；建立规范程序监督基因科技研究范围；建立基因专利伦理框架；加快基因立法速度，使基因技术和伦理协调发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Genetic technology is among the top ones in the 21st century." human gene project"," Manhattan"Nuclear Atom Project and " Apollo’s Moon-Landing" areequally known as the "Three Major" Project in modern natured science.With the accomplishment of genetic orders and the great boom of Colon.Social ethics of genetic technology has become a popular topic, thus, Genetic ethics has also becomeone of the most popular and up-to-date subjects among scientific ethics.With the rapid development of life technology. So many problems have come intosight.Such as Colon, genes determine everything,the purchase and sale of genes,Genetic privacy. As to such problems, the whole world are in horrors.the reportsand news have swept over all kinds of newspaper and magazines. Meetings and discussions are held from time to time. It seems that the world will come to an end.This essay argues that we should make a sound judgment about human ethicalintelligence and it is unnessary to be filled with horrors.By conducting researchsand leading everyone to participate in this scientific universality activity,we can draw attentions and concerns of all walks of life and try to make everyone have a right attitude toward genetic technology,thus establish a wore scientific and reasonable ethical model of genetic technology,set a smooth for the healthydevelopment of technology and healthy progress of our society in order to developthe technology and ethics at the same rate and in the same direction.Based on the research method of applied ethnics,and combined the basic ideaof life thchnology and the basic principle of life ethics such as self-decisionon mess, justice without~ bo and benefit bo charity, this (esS8y)has anayZed the ethied cha11eg% resu1ted bo gunetic Techno1Ogy, ande1esenfori1y exp1ored and bui1t up the hasic ethica1 noms and PYineip1es on GeneticTechno1Ogy. The bon content is to adhere tO the boic Ptinciples such asbo1essness, benefit, aress, mptfu1ness and justice: tO ask thesystwtic ethiCa1 dond fOr scientists and science --nity: to estab1ish nomlPtocedures tO sUPervise Genetic Tecno1ogy; tb bui1d UP ethital bok onGenetic Patent; to speed uP Genetic 1egis1ation tO reconci1e the deV1Opeent ofGenstic M1Ogy and ethics.更多还原