高速大容量数据存储器的研制

【作者】 齐正华；

【导师】 孙辉先；

【作者基本信息】 中国科学院空间科学与应用研究中心 ， 计算机应用， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 高速、大容量、高密度、低功耗、低成本的信息存储技术是卫星及其他航天设备信息获取、信息融合、信息传输和信息处理中的关键部件之一。早期星上海量数据记录主要是使用磁带机，直至八十年代末和九十年代初各航天大国才开始研究使用磁盘、磁光盘和固态记录器。随着电子技术的发展，半导体存贮器密度的提高，因而普遍认为以DRAM、FLASH为主的固态大容量数据存储器无疑是解决空间飞行器数据记录的主流方案。要设计一个满足要求的大容量存储器，以解决侦察卫星、飞船等海量数据存储的问题，必须首先解决以下一些技术关键：1）如何构造大容量数据存储器并对其进行有效的管理；2）如何提高数据的输入输出速率；3）如何提高大容量存储器的安装密度以减少体积和重量；4）如何降低大容量存储器的维持功耗；5）研究针对大容量存储器的更有效的纠错编码技术。在认真深入调研了国外最新的相关资料后，本论文根据国际研制大容量存储器的经验和先进技术，结合国内实际情况，设计出一种新型的高速大容量存储器。该设计方案采用FLASH代替原来使用的DRAM，提高了存储器密度，并改善了对存储区的管理；它采用嵌入式系统取代以前的单片机系统，提高了安装密度，简化了硬件设计，增进了整体性能；另外，它采用PCI总线取代ISA总线，极大的提高了数据传输速率。同时，随着新技术新产品的不断涌现，大容量存储器的设计指标也在不断提高、设计技术也将在不断更新之中。更多还原

【Abstract】 The information storage technique, characterized by its high speed, high density, low power consumption and low cost, is one of the key techniques for information retrieving, merging, transportation and process in the satellite and other equipment used in spacecraft. In the early days, tape recorder was used in the spacecraft for the storage of mass data. It was not until the end of I 980s thai the main space countries began to adopt magnetic disk, magnetic-optic disk and solid state recorder. As the development of electronic technique, the density of semiconductor memory device was increased. It is widely approved that solid state rea,rder, with the DRAM and FLASH as its main storage medium, has become a dominating solution for the storage of mass data in the spacecraft. To design a high-speed solid state recorder (SSR) which can meet the requirements of storage of mass data on satellite or spacecraft, one must solve the following key technical problems: 1) how to fabricate a recorder with large memory capacity and to manage it efficiently; 2) how to increase the input and output data transmitting speed; 3) how to increase the mounting density and reduce volume and weight of SSR; 4) how to reduce the maintaining power consumption of SSR and 5) how to develop a more effective method of error detecting and correcting for the reliability of data stored in SSR. After thoroughly collecting and seriously studying the most up-dated information on this field, this thesis will design a new kind of high-speed SSR based on the advanced technique and experiences from abroad, considering the domestic research conditions. The new solution adopted FLASH instead of previously used DRAM to increase the capacity and improve the management of memory space; it also adopted the embedded system instead of originally used microprocessor based system to increase mounting density, simplify the hardware design and enhance the overall performance of SSR. Moreover, it adopted PCI local bus instead of ISA, which increases the transmitting speed dramatically. At the same time, due to the incessant appearance of new technology, the standard to the design of SSR will be enhanced and the techniques arc being renovated constantly.更多还原