【作者】 陈敏捷；

【导师】 罗福山；

【作者基本信息】 中国科学院空间科学与应用研究中心 ， 飞行器设计， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 本文介绍了一套低成本轻便式气球、火箭高空大气探测系统的数据处理系统程序设计，本系统由调频发射机及高空大气探测有关仪器和地面宽波束抛物面接收天线、低噪声接收机及数据处理设备组成，载波频率为1680MHz。主要用于探空气球和火箭探测数据的接收和处理。它的探测距离可达178km，而重量远比无线电经纬仪和高空气象雷达轻，为无线电经纬仪的五分之一，雷达的十分之一，价格却只为雷达或无线电经纬仪的十几分之一。 球载双球电场仪用来探测雷暴电场垂直分量幅度。它配有温度、湿度、气压传感器，既能进行高空大气温度、气压和湿度等常规气象要素的测量，又能完成雷雨云电场特殊参量的探测任务。仪器自1994年投入使用以来，先后参加了近20颗卫星的升空安全保障任务，为“澳星”等卫星在雷雨期间安全升空，发挥了重要作用。仪器测量范围为0.5kV/m～50kV/m，具有良好的线性。微火箭电场仪是一种新型的雷雨云电场探测仪器，此仪器于1998年年初试飞成功，电场探测范围1kV/m～100kV/m，探测高度为7.5km左右，主要用于飞行器升空安全保障，以及气象部门对雷电、冰雹的探测和预警。 本系统成功的运用无线电经纬仪对双球电场仪进行定位。中心处理机从Vaisala无线电经纬仪中取得方位角、仰角数据，同时从探空仪中取得气压信号并反演出高度，进而算出高空风速、风向数据。从而使本系统成功的获得了高空电场、温度、湿度、气压、风速、风向数据。在系统程序设计中，运用VB与VC++混合编程的方式进行串口通讯编程。使得程序设计得到简化，调试也变得非常方便。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper describes one low cost convenient balloonocket sharing atmospheric sounding system in upper air and systemic software design of signal and data processing of it. This system consists of frequency modulation transmitter, instruments of atmospheric sounding in upper air, wideeam paraboloid receiving antenna in the ground, lowoise receiver and data processing equipment. The frequency of carrier wave is 1680MHz. It mainly used to receive and process sounding data of sounding balloon and meteorological rocket. The sounding distance can reach to 178km. Its weight is much lighter than radiotheodolite and upper air meteorological radar, which is only one fifth of radiotheodolite and one tenth of radar, but its price is only one several tenth of radar or radiotheodolite. The balloonorne two spheres electric field instrument applies to measure the magnitude of the vertical component of the electric field in thunderclouds. This instrument takes temperature, pressure and moisture sensors. It can either measure the routine meteorological factors, or the particular parameters of thunderclouds electric field. The instrument has joined in ten satellites safe blasting off guarantee since 1994, and played an important role in the safe blastoff of ustralian B3 satellite?etc satellite during thunderclouds. The instrument can measure the magnitude of the vertical component of the electric field ranging from 0. 5kV/rn to 50k V/rn with good linearity. Microocket electric field instrument is a new instrument for measuring the electric field in thunderclouds. The feature of this instrument is simple structure, high integration, microrniniaturization, high mobility, low power dissipation and low cost. This instrument succeeds in flightesting in early 1998. The measuring range of electric field is from 1kV/rn to 100 kV/m. The measuring height is up to about 7.5km. It is mainly applied for insurance of safety launching of spacecraft, detection and preliminary warning of lightning and hail in the weather department. This system applies radiotheodolite to position the balloonorne two spheres electric field instrument successfully. The central processing machine read azimuth angle and elevation angle and read atmospheric pressure that calculate the height from two spheres electric field instrument, so it calculate wind speed and wind direction. So this system can acquire successfully electric field, atmospheric temperature, moisture, pressure, wind speed and direction. I apply mixedanguage programming using VB and VC++ to systemic software design in serial communication, so simplify designing and debugging of programming.更多还原