焊锡真空脱铅炉计算机优化控制策略研究

【作者】 何宁；

【导师】 冯丽辉；

【作者基本信息】 昆明理工大学 ， 检测技术与自动化装置， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 用于处理焊锡（S_n—P_b合金）的真空蒸馏脱铅炉已成功应用于工业生产多年，但目前仍处于凭经验操作的水平。由于炉子在真空封闭状态下运行，因而难以及时了解炉内作业情况，也就很难达到及时、准确控制产品质量的目的。为此本文指出了建立真空炉静、动态数学模型并分别进行优化的必要性及其意义。分析了建模条件、阐述了建模过程、验证了模型的准确性及可靠性，并对其优化结果进行了分析。从而实现真空炉的自动控制。 本文在参考机理模型建模方法的基础上，分别根据线性回归法和过程辨识法建立起模型的静、动态数学模型，得到了表征真空炉内部特性的静态数学模型—多输入、单输出的代数方程和动态数学模型—多输入、单输出的差分方程。以云锡公司10吨/日真空炉为例，将此型炉子的观测值及初始值送入计算机，经离线计算后，依次得到炉子的静态模型，并在此基础上对模型参数进行优化，得到最佳入炉电功率的值，同时还可获得炉子的动态模型与相应的最优电功率值，其结果以表格和曲线的形式输出。为了更好的便利于交互，本文还设计了一个人机界面。将计算结果同现场实测值及所观察到的现象相比较，证明了此模型同实际运行的10吨/日真空炉基本吻合，认为可用此模型来模拟实际运行的真空炉。 此模型既可用来指导生产，使真空炉处于最佳运行工况，又为真空炉实现计算机在线实时控制奠定基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 The furnace of -vacuum distillation removing Pb is use as managing solder (Sn桺b alloy), It has been succeed in industry for many years. However, It is still situated in the level of the experiential operation. Being the operation of furnace under the condition of vacuum. It makes that operators deserve difficulty the dynamic operative condition in the furnace. Therefore, The intention to control production quality instantly and accurately is difficulty reached. For this reason, the paper indicates the necessity and meaning to build the static, dynamic mathematical model of the furnace and have optimized the models respectively. Analyses the condition to build the model, elaborate the course to build the model and verifies the accuracy and dependability of the model, analyses the consequence of optimize at the same time. Thus we will achieve the automatic control of vacuum furnace. In this paper, we reference the method of mechanism model according the linearity regression method and the system identification method to build the static, dynamic mathematical model. The static model is multi梚nput and single梠utput algebra equation, the dynamic model is multi梚nput and single梠utput difference equations. After measurable inputs and initial values of I OT/day vacuum furnace in Yun Xi Institute, these dates are carried in personal computer and calculated out line. We can get the static model of vacuum furnace, moreover, we can optimize the model parameter and get the optimistic electric power of furnace. Furthermore, the dynamic model and relevant the optimistic electric power are also obtained. The results are printed with lists and curves. In order to advantage each other better, the paper is also design the person梞achine interface. The calculating results compare with the measurable values and observational appearance in fact to verif~?the model that may simulate the practical vacuum furnace. The model not only may guide production to make the furnace at its best, but also lay a foundation to carry out computer controlling on line and in time.更多还原