【作者】 门宝辉；

【导师】 刘庆华；

【作者基本信息】 东北农业大学 ， 农业水土工程， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 本试验研究是省科委攻关项目《黑龙江省农业现代化建设创新工程》中《种植业新技术集成及其产业化工程》的子课题。该论文通过田间试验，希望为寒地井灌水稻防御冷水害、打井种稻的发展及水稻高产、优质提供理论依据。 本课题以七星农场示范区为试验基地，七星农场处于三江平原的腹地，该地区所有的水田都采用地下水来灌溉。地下水资源的开采和利用，虽然解决了水稻灌溉水源的问题，但由于井水温度过低，一般只有5.5～7.2℃，远低于水稻各生育期的适宜水温下限，若不采取井水增温措施，井灌水稻很容易受冷水害的威胁。为了防止井灌水稻冷水害的发生，研究增温设施——晒水池升温机理、渠道水温与气温的关系，不同灌溉方式对水稻本田的水温、泥温、株高及水稻分蘖的影响等将是本田间试验的重点，从而摸索出水温随气温、太阳辐射等气象因素的变化规律。 本课题针对井水增温措施，通过太阳辐射——水——土壤这一连续体，对晒水池一一渠道水温升温机理进行试验研究，利用静水情况下晒水池的升温机理，理论上推导出晒水池平衡水温的计算公式及晒水池规模即晒水池面积公式；利用高等数学知识推导出晒水池内各时间点的水温预测公式；探讨了晒水池水温与气温的关系及晒水池水深对水温的影响；找出了渠道水温与气温的关系；弄清了渠道水温随渠长、气温的变化规律，利用幂函数回归模型，分别建立了水温随气温变化的幂函数关系以及水温随渠道长度变化的幂函数关系；利用相关和二元回归的方法建立起渠道水温与渠长、气温的二元回归方程，相关关系较好，同时通过F检验；并且研究了不同灌溉方式对水稻本田的水温、泥温、水稻株高等的影响，总结出最优的井灌水稻灌水方式即“浅——湿——干”节水增温灌溉模式；最后通过水稻分蘖的田间调查，进一步研究了水温对水稻分蘖的影响。通过以上研究结果，不但对七星农场示范区井灌水稻防御冷水害、稻谷高产、优质具有重要的现实意义，而且对整个寒地稻作区的水稻发展具有一定的借鉴之处。更多还原

【Abstract】 The thesis is the sub-project of the task namedhe new technology integration and its industrial projecthich belongs to Hei Longjiang provinces scientific innovational project. Through field experiment, the writer eager to provide some data and theoretical basis for the well-irrigation rice defending cold water harm in the north cold rice reign and the developments of well irrigation rice and rice high production and high quality.The QiXing farm of JianSanjiang is lies in the center of SanJiang plain; the underground water irrigates most of the rice in this reign. With the underground water being exploited and used ,it can solve the source of irrigation water, but the underground water temperature is very lower (usually 5.5?.2X2).If we do not take measures for increasing the water temperature, the well-irrigation rice is easy to be imperiled by cold-water harm. In order to prevent the happen of well-irrigation rice cold water harm, we study the measures for increasing water temperatureunning water pool increasing temperature mechanism-, the relation between water temperature and air temperature of channel~. the influence of the different irrigation model to the water temperature soil temperature the height of rice and rice tillering. At last, we probe the changeable regularity of the water temperature with the air temperature and solar radiation.The task studies on the QiXing farm demonstrate reign. The sunning water pool is usually set to increase the water temperature. According to the continuation model of solar radiationater-oil, the increasing temperature mechanism is researched under the calm water circumstances in sunning water pool, meanwhile, the increasing temperature mathematics model is built up under the calm water surrounding. The calculating formulate for balance water temperature of sunning water pool, which can provide scientific refarence for the water temperature demand in well-irrigation rice reign is acquired by theory induction. The paper builds up the increasing water temperature mathematics method of sunning water pool under calm state water circumstances. Meanwhile, the water temperature calculate formulate id acquired with the knowledge of higher mathematics differential equation. The paper inquires into the relation between the water temperature and air temperature of sunning water pool and the influence of water temperature with the water depth, it finds the relation between the water temperature and air temperature of channel. Using the power function regression model, the paper sets up the relation of water temperature with the change of air iiitemperature. It studies the influence of different irrigation model for the water temperature~ soil temperamre~ the rice height, and draws the conclusion of optimum irrigation model for well-irrigation rice, that is 揝hallow梬et棗diy? Through the over- mentioned research result, it can provide the theory basis not only for the well-irrigation rice preventing cold water harm. rice high production and high quality in QiXing form demonstrate reign, but also for the development of well-irrigation rice in the whole north cold reign.Postgraduate:Men BaohuiSupervisor:Liu QinghuaMajor:irrigation and Discharge Agricultural Engineering更多还原