实用VR技术的研究及其应用

【作者】 孙伟；

【导师】 孙力；

【作者基本信息】 北方工业大学 ， 检测技术与自动化装置， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 虚拟现实技术所涉及的领域十分广泛，这个领域的技术潜力是非常巨大，应用前景 也很广阔。但目前它尚处在它的婴儿时代，还存在着很多尚未解决的理论问题和尚未克 服的技术障碍。在近二十年内人们开展了大量的研究工作。概括而言，主要集中在以下 两个方面：（一）从改进和创建感知工具和环境入手，如： 1、各种传感器及各种先进的遥感与遥测技术； 2、立体图（也称体视图，Stereoscopic Picture）和宽银幕电影（Cinerama）~1； 3、景况产生器（Scene Generator）； 4、传感景院（Sensorama）和体验剧场（Experience Theater）。 （二）从改进和创建认知工具和环境入手，如： 1、信息获取，信息融合，尤其是多种信息的获取和融合技术； 2、高性能计算硬件系统和软件开发环境； 3、分布处理系统； 4、多媒体技术； 5、面向对象（面向智能体）的系统设计和实现技术； 6、网络和合作计算系统； 7、非集中系统的合作。 在我们所涉及研究是的面向应用的实用VR技术，该领域研究工作大致可以分为两 个方面：一是硬件的研制与开发。如观察设备就包括计算机上VR观察设备、电视上的 观察设备和简单的图片观察设备等；二是软件的研制与开发。包括实用VR图像的生成 算法，以及高效快速生成体视图的技巧与方法等。 本文的工作内容主要集中在第二方面，就是： 1、研究利用现有的计算机资源高效地生成体视图像与动画的算法。 在这一部分主要做了两方面的工作： 黑体文字为本文强调的相关内容 北方工业大学学位论文 1）从传统视差理论出发，采用计算机图形学的方法生成虚拟环境的模型，给出 基于三维动画软件自动生成体视图的算法。 2）从一种全新的图形绘制技术一基于图像的绘制Omage旧ased Renderillg）技 术出发，采用视觉心理学和计算机图形学相结合的方法，提出基于数字图像变 换的体视图像生成算法。 2、使用面向对象的系统设计方法完成“体视图像生成系统”的设计开发。 在这一部分我们利用面向对象程序设计（Object－Oriented Programming简称OOP） 方法，在分析了图像处理的基础上，设计了可继承的图像类。将基于数字图像变换 体视图像生成的三种不同算法集成于系统，除此之外，还可以对图像序列进行处理， 使生成体视视频成为可能。 3、开发在不同领域中的应用系统。 在这一部分，我们在主要介绍了实用VR技术在机构动态仿真、建筑漫游、影视 娱乐等项目中的应用。 最后，将对本文所做工作进行总结，并讨论将来可能继续的研究方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 The research field of VR technology is quite extensive, and the potential technology of this field is very sophisticated. The application of VR is with great promise. At present, however, VR technology is still in its infantile time, there are many unsolved theory issues and unconquerable technology obstacles. In past twenty years, people have completed lots of researches. Generally speaking, these researches focused on following two aspects:1.Focus on improving and establishing perceiving tools and environments, such as:1)All kinds of sensors and various advanced remote sensing and remote surveying technology2)Stereoscopic Picture and Cinerama3)Scene Generator4)Sensorama and Experience Theater2.Focus on improving and establishing cognizing tools and environments, such as:1)Information obtaining, information syncretic, especially on the technology of obtaining and syncretizing Multi-model Information;2)High performance computing hardware system and software developing environments3)Distributed processing system4)Multimedia technology5)Object-oriented system design and implement technology6)Network and cooperate computing system7)Non-convergence system collaborationThe research we involved in is VR technology, which oriented practical application. The works in this field generally can be divided into two aspects: The first is developing and exploiting hardware. Such as: Observe Equipments include VR observation equipments in the computers, observation equipments used in TV, and the equipments used to observe simple pictures. The second aspect is developing software, consisting with the generating practical VR image algorithm, and technology that can be used to generating Stereoscopic Image efficiently and quickly.In this thesis, our research work mainly focus on the second aspect, that is to say:The Study on Advanced Stereoscopic Image and Animator Generating Algorithm Cased on Common Hardware.In this section, following two algorithms are given:a)From traditional parallax theory, we adopt the computer graphics methodology to create the model of virtual environment and put forth Automatic Stereoscopic Animator Generating Algorithm Based on 3DS MAX.b)From a new graphics rending technology Image-Based Rendering technology, we take the advantage of compute optical approaches and combine them with Computer Graphics. Put forth the Stereoscopic Image Generating Algorithm Based on Image Transformation2.Developing the Stereoscopic Image Generating system with Object-Oriented Programming Method.In this section, we completed the Developing of Stereoscopic Image Generating system with Object-Oriented Programming Method, Designed an inheritable DIB Class, and integrated three different Stereoscopic Image Generating Algorithms into this system. In addition, we made it possible to process image sequence, so we can generate Stereoscopic video using the system.3.Developing the Application System which can be used in different fieldsIn this section, we introduced the applications in Dynamic Simulation System, Building Roaming System, Film, TV and Amusement, and so on.At last, I will summarize the work of this thesis and discuss those potential research topics in the future.更多还原