【作者】 黄茂杨；

【导师】 朱复谦； 黄大明；

【作者基本信息】 广西大学 ， 农业机械化工程， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以6105QB型柴油机为研究对象，运用试验与理论分析相结合的方法，研究了五个运用参数（供油提前角、喷油压力、气门间隙、转速、负荷）对直喷式柴油机碳烟排放、噪声水平、功率、油耗率的影响，并提出优化柴油机运用参数匹配的方法。 首先，根据国标GB3847-93《汽车柴油车全负荷烟度测量方法》及GB3846－93《柴油车自由加速烟度的测量方法》及GB1859－89《内燃机噪声测定方法》，采用正交试验设计方法研究了供油提前角、喷油压力、气门间隙对柴油机全负荷烟度、自由加速烟度、噪声水平的影响。 然后，采用正交回归试验设计方法，研究供油提前角、喷油压力、气门间隙、转速、负荷五个运用参数的相互匹配情况对柴油机碳烟排放、噪声水平、功率、油耗率的影响规律，建立了烟度、噪声水平、功率、油耗率关于五个运用参数的回归方程，并证明了回归方程具有较高精度，可以用于预测研究。 最后，利用烟度、噪声水平、功率、油耗率四个回归方程，采用多目标优化设计方法中的统一目标法，对柴油机供油提前角、喷油压力、气门间隙三个运用参数的匹配进行优化，以提高柴油机的综合性能，优化的效果比较显著。 研究结果表明：供油提前角、喷油压力、气门间隙、转速、负荷率五个运用参数对柴油机烟度排放、噪声水平的影响是相互联系相互作用的，不是独立的；在一般使用工况下增大供油提前角，烟度降低；负荷率增大、转速升高均能使噪声水平迅速升高，所以降噪重点应放在高负荷、高转速工况；喷油压力对碳烟排放量的影响较为复杂，对噪声水平影响较小；气门间隙增大，碳烟排放量增大，但对噪声水平的影响则不是十分显著；合理的参数匹配是保持柴油发动机有较高综合性能的重要条件。因此，加强在用柴油机的维修、保养，保持柴油机良好的技术状况是降低碳烟排放及噪声水平，提高发动机性能的重要途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 With 61 O5QB DI diesel engine machine for experiment as the study object, the thesis makes a research on the influence of five operation parameters (fuel angular advance, fuel injection pressure, valve clearance, rotation speed, load rate) on the smoke emission, noise level, power and fuel consumption rate of 6105QB DI diesel engine and proposes the method of optimizing the match of diesel engine operating parameters.Firstly, according to National Standard GB3847-93 Measuring Method of Full Load rate Smoke Emission ofAutomobile Diesel Engine, GB3846-93 Measuring Method of Free Accelerate Smoke Emission of Diesel Oil Vehicle and GB1859-89 Measuring Method of Diesel Engine Noise, on the basis of orthogonal experimental design, the influence of the three operating parameters (fuel injection pressure, fuel angular advance, valve clearance) on full-load smoke emission, free-accelerating smoke emission and noise level of diesel engine have been studied.Secondly, on the basis of orthogonal regression experimental design, the influence law of the five parameters (fuel angular advance, fuel injection pressure, valve clearance, speed, load) on smoke emission, noise level, power and oil consumption rate has been studied, and four regression equations including smoke emission, noise level, power rate, and fuel consumption rate equations concerning five operating parameters have been established. It has been proved that the regression equations have quite high accuracy and can be applied inprediction research. With the help of the four regression equations of smoke emission, noise level, power and fuel consumption rate, multi-aim optimizing design has been adopted to optimize the match of three operating parameters (fuel angular advance, injection pressure and valve clearance), so as to improve the comprehensive performance of the diesel engine, and the optimized results are very prominent.The results of the study reveal that the influence of the five operating parameters on smoke emission, noise level is correlative instead of being independent. Generally speaking the increase of fuel angular advance leads to the decrease of smoke emission value, while the increase of load rate of speed may lead to fast increase of noise level, as a result the emphasis of noise reduction should be put on the condition of high load rate and rotation speed. The influence of fuel injection pressure on smoke emission value is comparatively complicated, while its influence on noise level is comparatively small. When the valve clearance increases, smoke emission increases too, but its influence on noise level is not very prominent. Appropriate match on parameters is an important requirement for the diesel engine to keep a comparatively high comprehensive performance, so excessive maintenance and good technique condition of diesel engine is an important way to reduce the smoke emission, noise level, and improve the performance of the engine.更多还原