图像测量调焦系统的研究

【作者】 王吉晖；

【导师】 郭彦珍； 邱宗明；

【作者基本信息】 西安理工大学 ， 测试计量技术及仪器， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 在测量中，瞄准是一项很重要的因素，瞄准定位不准确，测量的精度就得不到保证。通常采用的都是目视瞄准，不仅操做不便，效率低下，而且增加了测试人员的主观误差，与现代测量的要求相差甚远，急需技术改造和升级，同时新型的现代测量技术急需调焦瞄准精度高、功能强大、易于实现光机电一体化的新型调焦瞄准方法。 图像测量技术采用微机图像处理技术，用摄像头代替人眼进行调焦瞄准，可以大大降低测试人员的劳动强度，减少瞄准和读数时的主观误差，而且提高了测量效率。用摄像头调焦瞄准对于在线非接触测量也是一个较好的工具，能够帮助解决许多直接测量不能解决的难题。这就对摄像头调焦质量提出了高要求，研究摄像头调焦判据及应用此判据判断摄像头是否正确调焦，实现对被测表面的跟踪测量就成了图像测量的重要课题。 本课题就是围绕摄像头调焦判据的研究开展起来的。本文在介绍与分析了国内外调焦技术发展现状的基础上，总结己有的调焦方法，提出了基于图像灰度值基础上的摄像头调焦判据，此判据分为两部分，一部分进行粗调焦，寻找焦面的大致位置，一部分为细调焦，细调焦在粗调焦的基础上，准确的确定焦面的位置。由粗调焦和细调焦组成的调焦判据，克服了原有调焦方法的不足，提高了调焦的效率，兼顾了表面跟踪的响应。在对调焦判据验证的过程中，设计应用了一套包括光学，机械电子，计算机及控制在内的摄像头调焦系统，其中包括了微动机构控制软件、接口卡控制软件和图像处理软件。在对大量实验数据分析的基础上，证明了这个调焦判据函数具有较好的精度，可以推广应用到实际测量中。同时对判据也提出了一定的修正方案，提出了新判据的思想，供后来研究者参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 The aiming is a very important factor during measurement. If theaiming and positioning is not accurate, the instability of measurement is notinsured. In general, the applied aiming method of measurement iseye-aiming, it not only is inconvenient and inefficient for operation, but alsoincreases the subjective error of test workers, which is not adapt to modernmeasurement and needs to innovate the technology. Modern measurementtechnology demands new method of focusing and aiming that has littleinstability. mighty function. easy achieve the integration of Optics.Mechanism and Electron.Image measurement technology applise with computer image processtechnology and uses camera replacing of eyes, which may decrease laborintensity of test workers and the subjective error of aiming and reading,furthermore can enhance the measurement efficiency The method of tuningfocus for image measurement technology can be applied to tracking thesurface of object with TV-camera, to measuring shape of surface, and is agood tool for giving solutions that the direct measurement can not solve.Tuning focus of camera must have high quality for these. It is very importantsubject of image measurement how to verify the tuning focus of camera isright, research the method of tuning focus of camera, and apply the methodto track the surface of object.The purpose of this paper is to research the method of tuning focus ofcamera. This paper, base on the development of the tuning focus technologyof domestic and abroad, summarizes existing methods of tuning focus, andpresents the method of tuning focus of camera on the base of image grayvalue. The method have two parts, one is sketchy tuning focus and find outthe sketchy location of focus; the other is precise tuning focus and, base onesketchy tuning focus, find out precise location of focus. Sketchy tuningfocus and precise tuning focus make up the method of tuning focus ofcamera, overcome the defect of old methods of tuning focus, and enhancethe efficiency of tuning focus. During the test of the method of tuning focus,the system of talng focus of camera that has OPtics’ Mechanism.Electron. Computer and Control has been researched,Which includes thecontrol soft of precise movemefit. the colltrOl soft of illterface card and.image process soft. ExPeriment finds out that the method of tUning focus ofcamera has better instability and may be used in measurement. MeanWile,this paPer also presents imProve methods and new though of tUning focus,which provides a reference for the follow researchers.更多还原